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Jul 14, 2023

Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance: Understanding the Distinction

In the realm of healthcare, two terms often used interchangeably are pharmacy and pharmacovigilance. While both fields revolve around medication, they serve distinct purposes and have unique roles within the healthcare ecosystem. In this blog, we will delve into the meaning of pharmacy and pharmacovigilance, explore their roles, discuss the qualifications required, highlight the differences between pharmacology and pharmacovigilance, and ultimately provide a comprehensive understanding of these two domains. Pharmacy Pharmacy is a well-known field that deals with the preparation, dispensing, and management of medications. Pharmacists, the professionals in this domain, possess in-depth knowledge of drugs, their interactions, dosage forms, and proper usage. They work in various settings such as community pharmacies, hospitals, research laboratories, and pharmaceutical companies. Pharmacists play a crucial role in patient care by ensuring the safe and effective use of medications. They verify prescriptions, offer advice on dosage and potential side effects, and provide information about drug interactions. Pharmacists also educate patients on self-care measures, such as proper medication storage and administration. Their expertise extends beyond dispensing medications as they collaborate with other healthcare professionals to optimise patient outcomes. For instance, consider a scenario where a patient is prescribed multiple medications. A pharmacist can assess the potential interactions between these drugs to minimise adverse effects. They may also suggest suitable alternatives or modifications to the treatment plan in consultation with the prescribing physician. Pharmacology Pharmacology is the science that explores how drugs interact with living organisms. It investigates the effects, mechanisms, and potential risks associated with medications. From understanding drug properties to optimizing treatment outcomes, pharmacology plays a crucial role in healthcare by unlocking the secrets of drug action. The insights gained from pharmacological research provide the foundation for evidence-based medicine. They help healthcare professionals make informed decisions about medication choices, dosages, and potential risks. Pharmacology is a multidisciplinary field, drawing from biology, chemistry, physiology, and genetics to illuminate the complex interactions between drugs and the human body. For example, consider a medication used to lower blood pressure. Pharmacologists investigate the drug's mechanism of action, examining how it targets specific receptors or enzymes to relax blood vessels and reduce hypertension. They also explore potential side effects, drug interactions, and the optimal dosage regimen to ensure the medication is both safe and effective. Pharmacovigilance Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, focuses on the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. It encompasses the systematic monitoring and evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of pharmaceutical products after they have been approved and made available to the public. Pharmacovigilance professionals, often referred to as drug safety specialists or pharmacovigilance officers, collect and analyse data from various sources, including healthcare professionals, patients, and regulatory authorities. They evaluate reported adverse reactions, identify potential risks, and contribute to the ongoing evaluation of a drug's benefit-risk profile. The ultimate goal of pharmacovigilance is to ensure patient safety and enhance the understanding of a drug's safety profile throughout its lifecycle. For example, suppose a new medication is introduced into the market, and some patients report unusual side effects. Pharmacovigilance experts would investigate these reports, analyse the data, and assess whether these side effects are linked to the medication. If necessary, they may recommend regulatory actions, such as updating the product label with new safety information or issuing warnings. Pharmacology vs. Pharmacovigilance Pharmacology is the study of how drugs interact with living organisms. It explores the mechanisms of action, therapeutic effects, and potential adverse reactions of medications. Pharmacologists focus on understanding drug properties, conducting preclinical and clinical trials, and providing essential data for drug development. Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is concerned with monitoring and assessing the safety profile of drugs in real-world settings. It is a subset of pharmacology that specifically deals with post-marketing surveillance. While pharmacology provides valuable insights into drug action and efficacy, pharmacovigilance adds another layer of knowledge by monitoring drug safety and identifying previously unknown risks. Qualifications To pursue a career in pharmacy, an individual needs to obtain a pharmacy degree (PharmD or equivalent) and acquire a licence to practise as a pharmacist. They undergo extensive training in pharmaceutical sciences, therapeutics, pharmacokinetics, and patient care. To pursue a career in pharmacology, you typically need: Bachelor's Degree: Obtain a degree in pharmacology, pharmaceutical sciences, biology, chemistry, or a related field. Graduate Studies: Consider a master's or Ph.D. in pharmacology for advanced knowledge and research opportunities. Research Experience: Gain hands-on research experience during your studies to develop skills and demonstrate commitment. Licensure/Certification (optional): Some roles may require specific certifications or licensure. Continuing Education: Stay updated through conferences, workshops, and continuous learning opportunities. In the case of pharmacovigilance, while a background in pharmacy can be beneficial, it is not always a strict requirement. Professionals from various backgrounds, such as life sciences, medicine, nursing, and pharmacy, can specialise in pharmacovigilance. To enhance their expertise, individuals can pursue specialised courses or certifications in pharmacovigilance and gain practical experience in the field.

Sumasri

Jul 11, 2023

Dr. Shamanur Shivashankarappa Janakalyan Trust Scholarship Program

About Dr. Shamanur Shivashankarappa Janakalyan Trust Scholarship Program The Trust’s Scholarship Program is currently focused on assisting students for their professional courses in Engineering, Technology, Management, Law, Nursing, Medicine and Dental sciences. Scholarship is awarded to students who have excelled in their academics and wish to continue studies further. It is a Pure Scholarship, Not a Loan which need not be paid back. Scholarship is awarded to regular courses (any) which are recognized by the boards or universities. * Residents of Karnataka * Refer the below table for cut off % for different courses * Students whose entire family income from all sources is less than Rs. One lac per year shall be eligible to apply * Only those who study in reputed colleges on regular basis, affiliated to university of repute are eligible to apply * Those who study through correspondence or in Part time colleges are not eligible to apply * All the applications will be scrutinized thoroughly, economically weaker and meritorious students will be awarded with scholarship * Students should have bank account number in any of the core banking facility branch * Following courses shall be eligible for Scholarships: – Students of Graduate Courses like: B.A., B.Com, B.Sc., BFA, Homeopathy, B. Pharma, BCA, BBM, Nursing, Law (LLB) Diploma, ITI etc. The last date for applying online application 16.07.2023 For any queries email us to drssjkt(at)gmail.com For more details about Application Process & Online Application please refer the Official Website

Sumasri

Jul 07, 2023

Exploring the Differences: Psychology vs. Psychiatry

Psychology and psychiatry are both concerned with the study of the human mind and behaviour. Although they have identical aims, their techniques, education, and practice are vastly different. We will dig into the complexities of psychology and psychiatry in this blog, analysing their distinct traits, the duties of specialists in each discipline, and the common ground they share. Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of human behaviour, cognition, emotions, and mental processes. Psychologists use a variety of study approaches and strategies to get an understanding of the intricacies of the human mind. They want to know how individuals think, feel, and behave in various settings, and how these characteristics affect their overall well-being. A bachelor's degree in psychology is often followed by additional degrees such as a master's or doctorate degree. Roles and Responsibilities of Psychologists Research: Psychologists design and conduct research studies to explore theories, develop new knowledge, and validate existing findings. They employ methods such as surveys, experiments, and observations to collect data and draw conclusions. Clinical Practice: Clinical psychologists work directly with individuals to diagnose and treat mental health disorders. They provide counselling, therapy, and interventions to help clients overcome psychological challenges, improve their coping mechanisms, and enhance their overall mental well-being. Education and Academia: Many psychologists work in educational institutions as professors, researchers, or counsellors, contributing to the development of psychological knowledge and training future professionals in the field. Industrial and Organisational Psychology: Psychologists specialising in this area focus on understanding human behaviour in workplace settings. They may help with employee selection, training and development, and improving organisational culture and productivity. Psychiatry Psychiatry is a medical speciality concerned with the identification, treatment, and prevention of mental illnesses. Psychiatrists are medical professionals who have finished medical school as well as psychiatric training. They approach mental health from a scientific and medical standpoint, taking into account the effects of genetics, neurochemistry, and physical health on mental health. Roles and Responsibilities of Psychiatrists Diagnosis and Treatment: Psychiatrists are trained to diagnose mental illnesses by evaluating symptoms, conducting interviews, and using diagnostic tools such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). They employ various treatment modalities, including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, to help alleviate symptoms and promote recovery. Medication Prescription: Unlike psychologists, psychiatrists have the authority to prescribe medications to their patients. They are knowledgeable about psychotropic drugs and can monitor their effectiveness and potential side effects. Collaboration with Other Healthcare Professionals: Psychiatrists often collaborate with other healthcare professionals, such as psychologists, social workers, and primary care physicians, to provide comprehensive care to individuals with mental health conditions. Similarities between Psychology and Psychiatry Focus on Mental Health: Psychology and psychiatry share a common goal of improving mental health outcomes. Both disciplines seek to alleviate psychological distress, promote well-being, and enhance the quality of life for individuals experiencing mental health challenges. Therapeutic Approaches: While psychologists primarily provide therapy and counselling, psychiatrists also incorporate psychotherapy into their treatment plans alongside medication management. Collaborations: Psychologists and psychiatrists often work together in a multidisciplinary setting to provide comprehensive care to individuals with complex mental health needs. Psychology and psychiatry are two separate but related sciences that help us understand and treat mental health diseases. Psychologists study human behaviour and use diverse research methodologies to create new information and give therapeutic solutions. As medical practitioners, psychiatrists diagnose mental diseases, administer medicine, and provide a comprehensive approach to mental health treatment. Despite their differences, both professions strive to improve mental health and promote a healthy society.

Sumasri

Jul 04, 2023

Indus Towers Scholarship Program 2023-24 For Students with Disabilities

About Indus Towers Scholarship Program 2022-23 ” For Students with Disabilities” A CSR Initiative of Indus Towers Limited (formerly Bharti Infratel Limited), Implemented by Shishu Sarothi Indus Towers Scholarship Program is a CSR initiative of Indus Towers Ltd, initiated under the “Saksham” Flagship Program, providing young students with disabilities the opportunity to pursue their career aspirations by offering scholarships for higher education. The program aims to provide foundational support to deserving students with disabilities who may lack the resources to pursue their dreams. This scholarship empowers them to become successful professionals, unlocking their potential to uplift themselves and their communities, and promoting socio-economic development. The Scholarship program is being implemented by Shishu Sarothi Centre for Rehabilitation and Training for Multiple Disability. Eligibility: • Applicants must be Indian Nationals. Category I: Applicants are state subjects/domiciled in the Northeast states, namely Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura. Category II: Applicants are from Rest of India studying in Indian Institutes of National Importance (INIs). Visit: https://www.education.gov.in/institutions-national-importance • Applicant must have benchmark disabilities, i.e. Not less than 40% and above. • Applicant must be between 14-30 years old. • Applicant must have completed HSLC/Class 10 or preceding examinations with at least 55% or equivalent CGPA, i.e., 6.25. • The annual income of the family of the applicant must fall under BPL (Below Poverty Line) or Economic Weaker Section. • Candidates must be willing to pursue or currently pursuing: o Academic and professional courses from affiliated institutions: Higher secondary, graduate, post-graduate, master’s, and diploma. o Short-term skill-building and certification courses: Computer, vocational, hospitality, etc. o Coaching for employment-oriented competitive exams like Bank PO, UPSC, SSC etc. • The course duration must not extend beyond March 31, 2025. Prizes & Rewards: The scholarship covers the fees (on actuals) paid directly to the educational institution. Application Mode: Online at www.ssscholarship.org Applications open on June 21, 2023 Last Date to Apply: August 21, 2023 For the assistance and support of aspiring students and scholars, we have partnered with organizations located across the North-Eastern States of India. The contact details are given below: ASSAM/SIKKIM Shishu Sarothi +91 7086268549/ +91 9706637097 www.shishusarothi.org ARUNACHAL PRADESH Arunachal Pradesh Parents’ Association for Disabled (APPAD) +91 8131980720 MEGHALAYA Bethany Society +91 9531250846, +91 9856628631 www.bethanysociety.org MANIPUR Spastic Society Manipur +91 9862138446, +91 9774558077 www.ssmanipur.org MIZORAM Zoram Entu Pawl +91 9862308435 www.zoramentupawl.ngo Dr. Henry Zodinliana Pachuau Associate Professor, Dept of Social Work, Mizoram University +91 9862558408 NAGALAND Nagaland State Disability Forum +91 8730823535 +91 8787750128 TRIPURA Voluntary Health Association of Tripura +91 9862482353,+91 7005249901 www.vhatripura.org SIKKIM Education Department, Govt of SikkimMs. Chandra Bhandari Coordinator-Inclusive Education +91 7990741922 For more details and Online Applications Please refer the Official Website

Sumasri

Jun 27, 2023

Foundation for Academic Excellence and Access (FAEA) Scholarships 2023-24

About Foundation for Academic Excellence and Access (FAEA) Scholarships 2023-24 FAEA invites application for scholarships for the year 2023-24 to pursue undergraduate studies in arts/commerce/science/medical/engineering and other technical and professional disciplines at any university / institution / college in India. Eligibility – * Students who have passed Class XII from a recognized board in India * 1st year under-graduate students. * Students whom Class XII result are not declared need to apply after declaration of result. * Students who belong to socially and economically weaker sections of society. Scope of Scholarship – FAEA, on selection of student for the FAEA scholarship, provides financial aid for completion of undergraduate courses which includes tuition fee, maintenance allowance or hostel/mess charges and other allowances to cover travel, clothing and book purchase as per our norms. The continuance of scholarship and amount of scholarship is, however, subject to good academic performance and availability of funds. Important Instruction – * After filling the application form online successfully, you will be allotted 9 digit auto generated “Confirmation Code” which should be kept note of for future correspondence with FAEA. * Please do NOT send any document/certificate at this stage of applying. If you are shortlisted in the preliminary round of selection you will be advised to appear for an interview and bring along with the original documents. Failure to attend the interview and to present the original documents will result in disqualification for award of scholarship. * Incomplete application form shall not be considered. * In case you require any clarification regarding the online application, please send e-mail at inquiry(at)faeaindia.org. Please note that no other form of communication will be entertained including telephone call, conventional mail, fax etc. References – Candidates should choose at least one person out of the 2 given options who is known to them extremely well and has been in a position to observe and evaluate their work skills and academic ability. At least one of the referees must be from a formal academic institution. FAEA shall write to the referees directly if you are short listed to appear for the interview. Policy Guidelines – Location of study: This scholarship programme is designed so that scholars may study in any university/institution/college in India that best meets their educational needs. Duration and related considerations: Scholarships may be for up to a maximum of five years. All grants must be renewed annually, based on the Scholar’s progress and availability of funds with FAEA. Students must engage in full-time study and be enrolled in formal degree programme. Other Financial support: FAEA Scholars are responsible for informing FAEA office of other grants, scholarship and financial aid they have received for their study programme. Award amounts may be negotiated on the basis of this information. Failure to report additional financial support/scholarship can constitute grounds for withdrawal of the BHEL-FAEA Scholarships. Deferment: Deferments (postponement) may be permitted once for up to one year. A request for deferment may be made for personal reasons such as serious illness of the fellow or his or her immediate family or adverse conditions in the scholar’s home state. Requests for deferment must be submitted to the FAEA office in New Delhi and be accompanied by substantiating documentation or evidence. Successful progress: Recipients of FAEA scholarships are expected to excel in their studies and show success in their course work. Results from the host university/institution/college must be forwarded to the FAEA office on an annual basis. In addition, Fellows will be required to submit periodic reports of their progress. Disbursement of funds: Funds will be disbursed directly to Scholars, with the exception of tuition, hostel and related fees, which will be disbursed directly to the educational institution. Applicants are expected to take advantage of on-campus housing and meal plans when possible. Award amount: These are determined by FAEA to ensure compliance with budgetary guidelines. Final awards are based entirely on the discretion of the FAEA and may cover the full cost of proposed study plans up to five years. Travel: Second class travel for one round trip to the point of destination and return to the home city/village will be provided to the candidate for appearing in the interview. In case of female candidates, reimbursement will be given to one accompaniment also. Selection Process: Shortlisted candidates will be invited for interviews across India in the metropolitan city. Thereafter, a national panel will make the final selection and results will be declared. The support granted shall be subject to the candidate being accepted by the host university/institution/college. Incomplete application or application submitted after last date shall not be considered. Withdrawal of awards: Grounds for possible revocation or termination may include (1) failing to maintain satisfactory academic progress. (2) Suffering from a physical or mental illness that prevents the scholar from continuing the programme of study. (3) Detection of any false declaration by the student. Last Date for Registration is 30.06.2023 For more details and Online Application Click here

Sumasri

Jun 23, 2023

Challenges Of Studying Medicine In A Foreign University

Introduction Many Indian students dream and aspire to study and practice medicine abroad. The academic standards followed in Foreign Universities often lure various students who vie for admission to the top foreign universities. Further, there is intense competition among students who wish to pursue medicine abroad. However, there are several challenges that a student often faces when it comes to pursuing medicine in foreign universities. It is important to understand the positives as well as challenges associated with studying medicine, in foreign countries. This article shall elaborate on some of the commonly faced challenges by students and various ways to circumvent the same, to enrich one’s experience when it comes to foreign studies, in the field of medical sciences. Language Barriers One’s quest for a successful medical education may be materially impacted directly or indirectly, by the language used in the nation where one is receiving medical training, or studying. Several nations require incoming students to commit a full year, at the least, to learning the nation’s mother tongue, or the predominant language of the nation. In some nations, medical school doesn't begin until students have mastered the official or predominant language of their nation. The students will be burdened by this stipulation, and may even veer from their initial course as a result, focusing their academic prowess on learning new languages. The only way to get around this issue is to study in a place where one doesn’t have to devote a lot of time to learning a language. This element will make the pupils worry less about language challenges and make their day-to-day activities in medical school easy. Accommodation Related Factors The other crucial requirement for students seeking to pursue an MBBS overseas is housing or accommodation. In some places abroad, the quality of the accommodations won't be as advertised, instead, the facilities are often abysmal, and lacking in various aspects. In some nations, the price of private lodgings, and even shared student accommodations can be very exorbitant, and despite that, the accommodations in most college dorms do not meet the norms and standards that are commonly expected when one goes abroad. Without a comfortable study environment, students often lose motivation and struggle mightily to accomplish their goals and tasks. Doing thorough research on the amenities and infrastructure of one’s intended hostel or private rental accommodation, or the location is the only way to avoid staying in subpar accommodations. The only way to get around this issue is to attend medical school in an area where one won't have to shell out a lot of money while receiving the most worth out of the money spent for accommodation. On Ground Challenges The country's climatic conditions have a significant impact on the student's stay. There are certain places with extreme climate conditions, harsh cold, etc. such as the United Kingdom, Canada etc. that are dream destinations for several Indian students who wish to pursue medicine abroad. The students' lives may be affected as a result of the weather, and they will be less focused on their studies, as it takes time to acclimatize oneself to the weather of a foreign nation. Further, when it comes to food, some areas have less diversity in available options, and without access to Indian or regional food, students might have to resort to spending extra money at restaurants in order to eat familiar food. Further, Indian cuisine generally is not served in colleges where there aren't too many Indian students. These students are often forced to consume the local cuisine of the nation. There are several cultural and religious considerations when it comes to the food choices of students and therefore one must take into consideration such factors before zeroing in on a university abroad. Admission Process Another major challenge, faced by students seeking education abroad, especially in the field of medicine, is by way of complicated and extremely tough admission processes that often involve several rounds of qualifying exams, as well as interviews and other technical requirements this puts an impediment to national/native students who seek to study at a level equal to their foreign counterparts. Those who are not proficient in English often face disadvantages due to not being able to complete the formalities required during the admission process. This challenge can be mitigated by availing the services of institutions providing paid services that facilitate the admission process, and help with the paperwork, visa formalities and other requirements to facilitate admission in foreign medical universities. Expensive Fees After a perusal of the need for admission based scholarship and other factors that can mitigate the fees and funds available, it is imperative that the most feasible and safest university must be selected for admission by the student in order to maximize benefits for the student as well as the family, who often supports the students financially. In order to partake in an informed decision about the suitability of any foreign medical university for any person, one must assess whether the course vis-à-vis fees, in which admission is sought by the student best fits the needs of the student, and the student must also be on the lookout for scholarships, concessions, waivers, etc. so that the student does not face any hindrance in the pursuance of their medical education abroad. Different Curriculum Another impediment that often hampers the aspirations and dreams of students who seek to study medicine abroad is the existence of different and myriad curriculums that are different based on several factors, such as the standard of medical practices in the nation concerned, medical ability or facilities in the nation concerned, the standard of care that is often taken in the medical institutions of the nation, availability of equipment, as well as medical supplies, and other factors. Often the curriculum difference affects the knowledge of the student as it limits the mindset of a person based on the practices of the nation where the student is studying medicine. Different types of treatments prevail in different nations, and therefore the curriculum significantly differs from one place to another. However, a student can mitigate the challenges, associated with different medical curricula, by understanding the requirements of practice in the nation where the student aims to practice further. Thus, the student must take into consideration various factors to make the best choice in this regard. Case Study: Ukraine Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on a full scale on 24th February 2022, led to the Indian government put into place, ‘Operation Ganga’ to evacuate more than 22,000 Indian Nationals from Ukraine. Amongst the evacuated nationals were several thousands of medical students, who have since been negatively affected due to the advent of the war. However, thousands of students chose to transfer to universities in other countries in the broader region surrounding Ukraine, that offered to take in the students mid-course. Further, students also chose to discontinue their studies in Ukraine incurring several financial losses. However, several hundreds of students have chosen to go back to Ukraine, leaving stability, and braving war, to pursue their impending medical education. Such instances show the challenges associated with pursuing medicine abroad and showcase the uncertainty that often accompanies a decision to study abroad. Analysis Pursuing Medicine from Foreign Universities has been witnessing a significant rise in interest from the general medical student, attributable to factors such as increased awareness, a myriad of academic benefits, and other perks that accompany a foreign medical degree. In the Indian context, the shine of a foreign medical degree has been gaining more traction with the availability of different and multiple options with regards to universities available and offering admission to students, ease of admission, specialized curriculum depending on specialization subjects and varying from one university to another, universities catering to every type of student and offering more affordable options for financing a medical degree etc. For those with financial or economic constraints, EMI plans/Fee Break options are also available. Despite this, several students, even after perusing the budget/fees required, term of study and nature of specialization, financial limitations and other considerations surrounding their medical degree abroad, fail to make the right choice in being mitigation ready in case of unforeseen circumstances. Such challenges can be mitigated simply by finalizing the medical college, with which the person wishes to study, followed by visiting or logging on to the college website, or visiting any education service institution, or guidance centre related to career counselling, interacting with various seniors or alumni of the medical college, to make the right choice, thus concluding the search for a perfect experience abroad. Way Forward Thus, it can be stated undoubtedly that selecting a foreign medical university for studying abroad, is of paramount importance for students. Hence, it is advisable that a student must rationally analyze various available options before making a final selection on where to study, as it stands to benefit the student in the long run, by way of increased opportunities, employment offers, and a host of other conducive factors, that will pave the way for a successful and fruitful medical career for the student in the future.

Sumasri

Jun 20, 2023

Sasakawa-India Leprosy Foundation Scholarships 2023-2024

About Sasakawa-India Leprosy Foundation Scholarships 2023-2024 H.H DALAI LAMA-SASAKAWA SCHOLARSHIP 2023-24 Sasakawa-India Leprosy Foundation (S-ILF) is pleased to invite applications for financial support from students residing in self-settled leprosy colonies for pursuing higher professional studies. 1) The scholarship will be given for onlyi) Professional Masters courses ii) Professional Bachelors courses iii) Professional Diploma courses 2) The scholarship will be available only for courses offered by Government recognised institutions. 3) No capitation fee will be paid for admission. 4) S-ILF will support up to 27 students this academic year. New, first time applicants are eligible to apply for a scholarship only to a professional course leading to employment. To qualify for a scholarship, applicants must meet eligibility Criteria. For more details refer the Guidelines Nursing Scholarship (Both Boys and Girls) 2023-24 (Including B.Sc. Nursing & GNM) Sasakawa-India Leprosy Foundation (S-ILF) is pleased to invite applications for financial support for students residing in self-settled leprosy colonies for pursuing nursing studies. 1) The scholarship will be given for B.Sc. Nursing (Basic) & GNM. 2) The scholarship will be available only for Institutes recognised by Indian Nursing Council. 3) No capitation fee will be paid for admission For more details refer the Guidelines For complete details please visit the Official Website

Sumasri

Jun 16, 2023

Understanding The Law On Urgent Treatment In Accident Cases

Introduction Prompt and quality healthcare at a time of urgency can mean the difference between life and death. Unfortunately, India is a victim of a large number of road accident fatalities. As per reports, road crashes kill more than 2,00,000 lives in India out of which roughly 50% of victims succumb to the injuries since they don’t receive urgent medical assistance within the Golden Hour. The first few minutes or hours after a severe injury can be extremely important and become a key predictor of the patient's well-being and the clinical result of any emergency procedure carried out, especially if emergency surgery is required to save a life. All people have the right to life under Article 21 of the 1950 Indian Constitution. Your right to receive emergency medical care is also covered by this. It is the responsibility of all state governments to protect the lives of anyone seeking medical attention. All doctors and medical staff in both government and private hospitals have a responsibility and duty to the community's health. Moral Obligation or Bounded by Law The Supreme Court of India stated in Parmand Katra Vs Union of India that every injured citizen brought for medical treatment should immediately be given medical aid to preserve life and that following that, the procedural criminal law should be allowed to operate in order to avoid negligent death. When a medical expert is called upon or asked to attend to an injured person who needs his medical treatment right away, there is no legal barrier in his way. Not only should the medical staff, but also the police and every other member of the public, prioritise saving the patient. In order to fulfil the State's obligation, a doctor working in a government hospital has a duty to provide medical care aimed at preserving life. Every doctor, whether practising in a government hospital or otherwise, has a duty to expand his services with the necessary knowledge to safeguard life. No law or State action may be taken to prevent or delay the medical community's primary duty from being fulfilled. As the obligation is comprehensive, absolute, and paramount, any laws of procedure, whether enshrined in statutes or not, that might prevent it from being fulfilled must be disregarded. Every doctor should be reminded of his full responsibility and assured that he does not break the law by treating the injured patient as soon as he appears before him, whether on his own or being carried by others. Also, the hospital cannot refuse treatment on the grounds that – the victim is not in a position to pay the fee or there is no close relative to sign the consent. Duty of Driver: Section 132 of the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 states that it is the duty of a motor vehicle to stop and cooperate for as long as necessary. He is required to provide the victim of the accident with his/her name and address, as well as the name and address of the vehicle's owner. Laws on Urgent Accident Cases – Good Samaritan Law In a report titled 'Prehospital Trauma Care Systems,' the World Health Organization noted that bystanders must feel empowered to help the injured and assured that they will not face legal liability as a result of their efforts. Savelife Foundation VS Union of India stressed the importance of developing a legal framework to protect Good Samaritans so that they are empowered to act without fear of negative consequences or harassment. In this judgement, the Supreme Court recognised guidelines provided by the Centre for protecting Good Samaritans at the hands of the police or any other authority. The Supreme Court and the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways have made it easier for citizens to assist traffic accident victims. Formerly, people were hesitant to stop and assist such victims due to the lengthy medico-legal process. Recognizing the unfavourable effects this can have on the survival chances of accident victims, the Supreme Court gave effect to the Good Samaritan Law. A Good Samaritan is a person who voluntarily comes forward to provide immediate assistance or emergency care to a person injured in an accident, crash, emergency medical condition, or emergency situation, in good faith, without expectation of payment or reward, and without any duty of care or special relationship. The Motor Vehicle Act regulates and protects the rights of the victim of a road accident as well as of those who help them. The Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act of 2019 added a new section 134A named "Protection of Good Samaritans," which states that a Good Samaritan is not liable in any civil or criminal action for any injury to or death of an accident victim. “Sec 134A- (1) A Good Samaritan shall not be liable for any civil or criminal action for any injury to or death of the victim of an accident involving a motor vehicle, where such injury or death resulted from the Good Samaritan’s negligence in acting or failing to act while rendering emergency medical or non-medical care or assistance. (2) The Central Government may by rules provide for the procedure for questioning or examination of the Good Samaritan, disclosure of personal information of the Good Samaritan and such other related matters.” The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways – Standard Operating Procedure Except for an eyewitness, anyone who calls the police control room or station to report an accident injury or death may not provide personal information such as complete name, address, phone number, and so on. Any police officer may not force the Good Samaritan to provide his or her name, identification, address, or other similar information in the Record Form or Log Register upon arriving at the site. No police officer or other person has the right to demand that a Good Samaritan who aids an injured person witness against them. It will only be the Good Samaritan's choice whether to become a witness in the case. If a Good Samaritan decides to testify, the investigating officer will, whenever feasible, interview him at a time and location that suit him, such as his home or place of employment. Unless the Good Samaritan prefers to go to the police station, the investigating officer will be in plain clothes. When the Good Samaritan's examination cannot be conducted at the Good Samaritan's preferred time and location and the Investigation Officer orders the Good Samaritan to go to the police station, the Investigation Officer must document the reasons for this in writing. If a Good Samaritan decides to visit the police station, he will be investigated once, in a reasonable amount of time, without creating an unnecessary delay. In cases where a Good Samaritan claims to be an eyewitness, he is permitted to deliver his testimony under oath in accordance with section 296 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), which deals with Evidence in Formal Character on Oath. Conclusion Given our country's dubious record of having the highest number of traffic accidents, there is an urgent need for the public and medical practitioners to gain trust in order for them to step forward and help accident victims in time to save their lives. In many countries, there are laws making it compulsory for hospitals and medical practitioners to provide treatment to accident victims and these rules provided for penalties if they decline to do so. A Study says that 84% of people are not aware of the Good Samaritan law. Furthermore, 77% of people stated that hospitals unnecessarily detained Good Samaritans and asked them to pay hospital registration fees and other charges. Therefore, the tribe of Good Samaritans should increase and government should focus on spreading awareness among people. Also, the Centre government should take steps to support the rights of people who help accident victims and prevent unnecessary harassment. This is the reason why people hesitate to help those victims. Recently Odisha Government launched a scheme in which the state govt offered a 2000 Rs Reward to people for saving the lives of road accident victims by shifting them to nearby hospitals. The very purpose of this scheme is to encourage people to come forward and make them aware. Such a scheme should be launched by the Central government and an effort should be made to make people aware of the existing laws and protections in cases of road accidents.

Sumasri

Jun 12, 2023

ONGC Foundation Scholarship Scheme 2022-23

Description: ONGC Foundation Scholarship Scheme 2022-23 is an opportunity offered by the ONGC Foundation to students enrolled in Engineering, MBBS, MBA, and Master's degree in Geology, Geophysics. Eligibility: Open for candidates who have secured at least 60% marks in Class 12 for Engineering or MBBS programme OR 60% in Graduation for PG courses in Geology/Geophysics/MBA. The applicants must have an annual income of less than INR 2,00,000 from all sources. Prizes & Rewards: INR 48,000 per annum Last Date to Apply: 08-07-2023 Application mode: Online applications only Url: www.b4s.in/llbs/ONGC8

Sumasri

May 24, 2023

Robert Gordon University GREAT Scholarship

About Robert Gordon University GREAT Scholarship The GREAT Scholarship is a government initiative to increase opportunities for students from Bangladesh, Egypt, India and Pakistan to live and study in the UK. Overview This prestigious scholarship is aimed at attracting talented students to come and study in partnering UK institutions. Students selected for this prestigious scholarship will be expected to be ambassadors for their institution of study and on completion of their master’s programme act as an ambassador for the GREAT scholarship, and possibly speak with future students interested in studying in the UK to share their experience. DEADLINE 2 June 2023 For more details and How to Apply please refer the Official Website

Sumasri

May 19, 2023

A Career In Clinical Research

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic, which affected everyone’s lives around the globe, reemphasized and taught us all, the value of the clinical research industry by bringing up not just one, but multiple vaccines. Through this challenging yet fulfilling career, professionals are continuously looking for solutions to tackle diseases that were once thought to be incurable. Interestingly, the field, being interdisciplinary in nature, can be explored by students from diverse backgrounds including non-medical students. Moreover, the career offers lucrative income for the ones with the relevant expertise and skills to excel in the field. This article discusses everything about a career in clinical research in India. Read on! Educational Qualifications Required In India, there are primarily three types of clinical research programs, which are described below: Degree Courses: Undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral-level degree programs are available. The duration of these programs usually varies from 2 to 5 years. Diploma Courses: UG and PG Diploma courses are also available which can be completed in 10 months to 2 years. Certificate Programs: Certificate programs are offered at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Their duration usually varies from 3-12 months. Note: The minimum qualification to work as a clinical researcher is a graduate’s degree in biomedical-related fields like medicine or life science. However. some positions may require a Masters, a Ph.D., or relevant experience based on the job profile. Undergraduate Degree Courses Course Name Duration Average Fees B.Sc. in Clinical Research 3 years INR 20,000 - 3,50,000 B.Sc in Life sciences 3 years INR 10,000-1.50,000 B.Sc. Clinical Research & Healthcare Management 3 years INR 40,000- 3,50,000 Source: Collegedunia Eligibility for Undergraduate Courses Students must have completed class 10+2 or equivalent examination from any recognized school or board with at least 50% marks. Students must have Chemistry, Biology, and Physics as their primary subjects in their class 12th. Entrance examinations for the courses are also conducted wherein students have to clear the minimum cut-off as stated by the respective colleges. Diploma Courses Course Name Duration Average Fees Diploma in Clinical Research 10-12 months INR 10,000 - 1,50,000 PG Diploma in Clinical Research 12 months INR 20,000 - 1,50,000 PG Diploma in Advanced Clinical Research 10 months Advanced PG Diploma in Clinical Research 6 months- 2 years INR 35,000 - 2,00,000 Source: Collegedunia Eligibility for Undergraduate Diploma Courses The eligibility for diploma courses may differ from course to course. While some courses may require students to have passed 10+2 in Physics, Biology, and Chemistry with atleast 50% marks, others may require completion of graduation in a relevant discipline with at least 55% marks. Some courses may even require students to clear entrance exams conducted by different universities. Certificate Courses Certificate name Provider Duration Fees Clinical Research Certification Program ICRI 3 months (60 hours) INR 30,000 Clinical Research Certification Program for Investigators ICRI 3 months (60 hours) INR 30,000 Industry Certificate in Clinical Research IGMPI - Faculty of Clinical Research 3 months INR 32, 500 Online Clinical Research Training & Placement Course CRBTech 6 months INR 95,000 Introduction to the Principles and Practice of Clinical Research (IPPCR) NIH 12 months N/A Source: Shiksha, Official websites of respective providers Eligibility for Certificate Courses: The eligibility for certificate courses may differ from course to course. While some courses may require students to have passed 10+2, others may require completion of graduation in a science subject. Some courses may even require some experience in the field. Postgraduate and Doctoral Degree Courses Course Name Duration Average Fees M.Sc. in Clinical Research 2 years INR 5000 - 2,00,000 Ph.D. in Clinical Research 3-5 years INR 6000 - 3,00,000 MA in Clinical Psychology 2 years INR 1,00,000 - 3,00,000 Source: GetMyUni Eligibility for Postgraduate and Doctoral Degree Courses: To pursue PG courses, one must score at least 55% marks in graduation in a relevant discipline. To pursue Doctoral courses, one must complete a master's in a relevant discipline with a minimum of 55% marks from a recognized university. Top Clinical Research Colleges In India Institute of Clinical Research [ICRI], New Delhi Institute of Clinical Research [ICRI], Bangalore Apeejay Stya University, School of Bioscience, Gurgaon Institute of Clinical Research [ICRI], Dehradun Institution of Clinical Research [ICRI], Mumbai Institute of Clinical Research [ICRI], Ahmedabad Indus University, Ahmedabad Scope Of A Career As A Clinical Researcher The field offers several key positions for those interested in using their skills to improve healthcare and advance scientific research. A clinical researcher can work in pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, contract research organisations (CROs), academic and research institutions, Non-Profit Organisations, private and government hospitals, and government agencies. Excellent students can even get recruited by popular institutions such as AIIMS or foreign institutes. Job Profiles In Clinical Research Job Profiles Description Clinical Research Associate The key responsibilities for this entry-level position include designing, implementing, and monitoring clinical trials and ensuring compliance with clinical trial protocols. Clinical Research Managers The responsibilities include drafting and supervising study designs, generating case reports, and informed consent forms for clinical trials. They may also include mentoring clinical research staff, and approving budgets, and regulatory documents. Clinical Trials Auditors Clinical trial auditors conduct audits to assure compliance with the regulations in established guidelines. Drug Safety Associate Work of a Drug Safety Associate involves managing and relaying drug safety information and summarize clinical safety data. Clinical Research Coordinator This entry-level job in clinical research involves working along with a Principle Investigator to support, facilitate, and coordinate all the clinical trials while ensuring the quality and safety of clinical trials. His duty also involves ensuring that all clinical research activities are conducted in compliance with regulatory authorities and sponsor policies. Clinical Data Manager (CDM) A CDM has to collect data from various medical research projects and research on critical aspects based on clinical trials, along with managing the data well, and preparing reports, data charts, and other medical presentations for the management or research team. Regulatory Affairs Manager (RAM) A RAM has the responsibility to communicate with various pharmaceutical companies and government agencies to bridge the gap between them, and to ensure legal compliances, track legislation processes, and register documents for filing. Biostatisticians A biostatistician performs statistical and programming designed to statistically analyze the cause of issues affecting a living organism. He is also responsible for the submission of Biological License Applications and New Drug Applications, preparing statistical input, summaries, and reports based on his research, and interpreting final clinical trial data. Roles And Responsibilities Conducting a systematic study of new drug compositions for determining safety and efficacy Conducting human trials, identifying and verifying clinical, and pharmacological factors, and adverse effects from the data collected Maintaining required records of study activity, including case report forms, drug dispensation records, or regulatory forms Monitoring study activities to ensure compliance with protocols Communicating with laboratories or investigators regarding laboratory findings and handling paperwork Recruitment and screening of participants suitable for the target study Briefing the participants and investigating team on how to conduct the trials Submission of all the relevant documents to funding organizations upon study completion Skills Required Communication skills Strong decision making Patience and Attention to detail Coordinating and Cooperating Skills Laboratory, Analytical and Mathematical skills Time management and organization skills Expected Salary And Remuneration Job Profiles Average Salary Clinical Research Managers INR 10 LPA Clinical Research Associate INR. 3.5 LPA Drug Safety Associate INR 3.8 LPA Clinical Research Coordinator INR 2.4 LPA Clinical Data Manager INR 5.5 LPA Regulatory Affairs Manager INR 13.6 LPA Biostatisticians INR 4 LPA Source: AmbitionBox Top Entities Hiring For This Job Max Healthcare Cipla Springer Nature IPatientCare Indegene Augustus Health Care Fortis Healthcare Conclusion A career in clinical research may bring newer challenges every day but one may also get the chance to travel to different research areas, interact with hundreds of people, and write comprehensive reports. To sum up, if you are passionate about science, medicine, and improving patient outcomes, a career in clinical research may be the right choice for you! Medbots.in wishes you all the best!

Sumasri

May 18, 2023

University of Nottingham International Postgraduate Students Scholarships 2023

About University of Nottingham International Postgraduate Students Scholarships 2023 We offer various scholarships for international students which aim to reward excellence and promote diversity among our student body. Based on our data, nearly 30% of our undergraduate students and over 40% of our postgraduate students were awarded scholarships for their entry. Once enrolled, current students are eligible for additional merit and/or performance-based scholarships and awards which covers approximately 32.5% of our whole student body. Eligibility * Be an overseas applicant who submitted the application. * Merit-based selection based on outstanding academic achievement having achieved at minimum requirements of UK first class (70) or equivalent, as determined at the time of admission. Deadline This scholarship will be awarded on a rolling basis until 31 May 2023. Contact Spots are limited so please contact the Global Recruitment Office for further details: global(at)nottingham.edu.cn For more details and Online Application Please refer to the Official Website

Sumasri

May 12, 2023

10 Leading Medical Journals You Should Be Aware of If You Are Studying Medicine

1. The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) Official Website: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama About the Journal: JAMA, published continuously since 1883, is an international peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is a member of the JAMA Network, a consortium of peer-reviewed, general medical and specialty publications. It is the most widely circulated general medical journal in the world, which is published 48 times per year, with an 11% acceptance rate, and offers free online access to research articles after 6 months Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit a manuscript to JAMA, authors can follow these steps: Register and Login: Visit https://manuscripts.jama.com/cgi-bin/main.plex and register. Login with the registered details. Select Manuscript Type: Choose the type of manuscript you wish to submit. A brief description of the manuscript type will appear with a link to the Instructions for Authors. Upload Manuscript Files: Click the Browse button to view a directory of your computer. Navigate to where your files are stored. You may select more than 1 file at a time to upload. After selecting the files, click the Upload Files button. Alternatively, you may select your manuscript files for uploading by dragging and dropping files stored on your computer into the designated area on the screen. After your files are uploaded, use the Move icon to place the files in the correct order. Supplemental Material: The types of supplemental material include Online-Only Supplemental Material, Trial Protocol/Statistical Analysis, Supporting Checklists and Diagrams, Confidential Additional Documentation, Author Form, and Patient Permission Form. Enter Manuscript Information: You will be asked to enter author details including contact information for all authors. Unique, valid email addresses are mandatory. You will be guided through a series of screen requesting additional manuscript information and affiliations for you and your co-authors. File Verification: After the individual and/or merged PDFs have been created, you will be asked to review and approve the PDF of your cover letter and the merged PDF of your article file to ensure that you are satisfied with how your manuscript is displayed for editors and reviewers. Review Manuscript Information: Confirm that your manuscript information is complete and correct any errors. Submit Your Manuscript: When you are satisfied that the submission is complete, click the Submit button. The editorial review process does not begin until you click this button. After an author submits a manuscript, the manuscript is assigned to an editor. The editor reviews the manuscript and makes an initial decision based on manuscript quality and editorial priorities, usually either to send the manuscript to peer reviewers or to reject the manuscript at that point so that the author can submit it to another journal. The decision letter is then sent to the author. For more information, authors can visit https://manuscripts.jama.com/cgi-bin/main.plex?form_type=display_auth_instructions. 2. The British Medical Journal (BMJ) Official Website: https://www.bmj.com/ About the Journal: The British Medical Journal (BMJ) is a renowned global medical journal that publishes cutting-edge research, clinical guidance, and thought-provoking editorial content. It is defined by its mission: to work towards a healthier world for all. Founded in 1840, BMJ is committed to advancing medical knowledge and practice worldwide. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article to the British Medical Journal (BMJ), authors can follow these steps: Visit the BMJ article submission page at https://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/resources-authors/article-submission. Create an account with the BMJ submission system by providing your contact information and create a username and password. Once you have created an account, you can start a new submission by selecting the appropriate article type and filling out the submission form. The submission form will ask you to provide details about your article, such as the title, abstract, and author information. Upload your article file using any standard word processing software, although the Journal prefers Word. If your article includes any images, tables, or figures, you can upload those files as separate documents. Once you have completed the submission form and uploaded your article file, you can review your submission and make any necessary changes before submitting it for review. You can keep track of your manuscript throughout the process by going to your author area - here it will list for you manuscripts you have submitted under “Submitted manuscripts”, “Manuscripts with decisions” and “Manuscripts I have co-authored”. If your manuscript is sent for external peer review you will find reviewers comments in the decision letter. Click on “Manuscripts with decision” and click on “View decision letter” to know the decision of the reviewers. All authors submitting to The BMJ are asked to choose an “Alternate Journal” to which your paper will be transferred automatically if rejected, saving you time by not having to manually upload your manuscript to a new journal. For more information, authors can visit https://www.bmj.com/about-bmj/resources-authors. 3. The Lancet Official Website: https://www.thelancet.com/ About the Journal: The Lancet began as an independent, international weekly general medical journal founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley. Over the past two centuries, The Lancet has sought to address urgent topics in society, initiate debate, put science into context, and influence decision-makers around the world. This year marks The Lancet's 200th anniversary. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article to The Lancet, authors can follow these steps: Visit https://www.thelancet.com/submit. Select the appropriate journal for your manuscript. Check the Authors’ Guidelines to ensure your manuscript meets the requirements. Register for an account on the submission site. Follow the instructions to submit your manuscript, providing all required information. Upload your manuscript, figures, and any supplemental materials as separate files. Confirm that you have included all necessary information and that your manuscript meets the journal's requirements before finalizing your submission. After submission, the manuscript is assessed by the journal's community of authors, expert editors, and external peer reviewers. At The Lancet Group, research papers undergo a single-anonymised review process—meaning that the reviewers’ identity is not shared with the authors, unless reviewers chose to sign their reviews. Authors are notified of the status of their manuscript in due course. For more information, authors can visit https://www.thelancet.com/preparing-your-manuscript. 5. Indian Journal of Medical Research (IJMR) Official Website: https://ijmr.icmr.org.in/ijmr/Index.aspx About the Journal: The IJMR, founded in 1913, is among the oldest medical journals in Asia and is indexed and abstracted by all major global current awareness and alerting services. It publishes quality biomedical research in original articles, reviews, short papers, and notes, as well as research letters. The journal also features special issues and supplements in addition to its regular monthly publication of two volumes and 12 issues per year. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit a manuscript, authors can follow these steps: Visit https://review.jow.medknow.com/ijmr. Create an account on the journal's website. Once you log in, you will be directed to the submission page. Read the instructions carefully before proceeding. Fill in the details about your manuscript, including the title, authors, abstract, keywords, and other required information. Upload your manuscript as a Word document. Fill out the metadata for your manuscript, including the type of article, subject category, and funding details, if applicable. Confirm that all the information you have entered is correct, and then submit your manuscript. All manuscripts are screened initially at the editorial office for suitability for consideration for publication. Those found suitable are sent to 2-3 technical reviewers and one statistical expert based on the need. The journal follows the double blind peer review process. After peer review process, manuscripts considered suitable for publication are suitably edited before publication. For more information, authors can visit https://journals.lww.com/ijmr/Pages/instructionsforauthors.aspx. 5. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine (JPGM) Official Website: https://www.jpgmonline.com/ About the Journal: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, a multidisciplinary Quarterly biomedical journal, is one of the oldest medical journals from India. The journal is the official publication of the Staff Society of Seth G. S. Medical College and K. E. M. Hospital, Mumbai, India. The Journal promotes published papers by electronically supplying the records to the National Library of Medicine at the time of online publication, making it sure that the citations are retrievable from MEDLINE as early as possible. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article to the Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, authors can follow these steps: Visit https://review.jow.medknow.com/jpgm and register to create a new account. Log in and click on “Submit Article” to begin the submission process. Follow the on-screen instructions to provide the required information, such as the article title, author names and affiliations, abstract, keywords, and manuscript files. You will be further guided through the various sections of the submission process, such as uploading the manuscript files, providing a cover letter, and filling any required forms. Once you have completed all the required fields, click on the "Submit" button to finalize your submission. JPGM is a quarterly peer-reviewed international journal. On submission, editors review all submitted manuscripts initially for suitability for formal review. Manuscripts that are found suitable for publication in JPGM are sent to two or more expert reviewers. Every manuscript is also assigned to a member of the editorial team, who based on the comments from the reviewers takes a final decision on the manuscript. The author is then requested to submit a revised version of the manuscript. This process is repeated till reviewers and editors are satisfied with the manuscript. For more information, authors can visit https://www.jpgmonline.com/contributors.asp. 6. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology (IJDVL) Official Website: https://ijdvl.com/ About the Journal: The Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (IJDVL) is an open-access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles in various fields of Medicine. The journal is owned by the Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists (IADVL), India and published by the Scientific Scholar. It is a Bimonthly peer-reviewed journal that reaches all of over 10200 members of this organization as well as almost 200 medical colleges in India. Official email(s): [email protected], [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article to the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (IJDVL), authors can follow these steps: Visit https://ijdvl.com/contributors/ and read the “Instructions for Authors” section to ensure that your submission meets the journal's requirements. Visit https://editorialassist.com/#/login/ijdvl and login after creating a new account. Click on “Submit Article” to begin the submission process. Follow the on-screen instructions to provide the required information, such as the article title, author names and affiliations, abstract, keywords, and manuscript files. Upload your manuscript files, including the main text, figures, tables, and supplementary materials, in the appropriate formats. The submission system will guide you through the various sections of the submission process, such as providing a cover letter, completing any required forms, and reviewing your submission for completeness. Once you have completed all the required fields, click on the “Submit” button to finalize your submission. Manuscripts are subjected to an unbiased double-blinded peer-review process. Decisions on accepting manuscripts for publication are solely based on the peer-review process, and the Editor’s discretion and the decision are final. The manuscript is sent for peer review to at least two external reviewers, and if required, it is sent to a third reviewer to act as a tie-breaker. Manuscripts that do not conform to the Guidelines for Authors or exceed the Maximums set for Articles may be returned to the author without review. Authors can resubmit after complying with the requirements. For more information, authors can visit https://ijdvl.com/contributors/. 7. Indian Journal of Medical Sciences (IJMS) Official Website: https://ijmsweb.com/ About the Journal: The Indian Journal of Medical Sciences (IJMS) is an open-access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles in the field of Medicine and Allied Sciences and Publication of Scientific Investigation. The Journal allows online submission and seeks to provide wider visibility through open access and higher impact with wider visibility. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article to the Indian Journal of Medical Sciences, authors can follow these steps: Visit https://ijmsweb.com/for-authors/ and ensure that your manuscript is in line with the guidelines mentioned therein which cover topics such as manuscript formatting, referencing, and ethical considerations. Log in to the submission portal at https://editorialassist.com/#/login/ijdvl after filling the registration form. You will now be able to access the submission system. Click on the “Submit Manuscript” link in the main menu, and select the appropriate article type (e.g., original research article, review, case report). Follow the instructions to upload your manuscript and any accompanying files (e.g., figures, tables). Make sure to include a cover letter that explains the significance of your research and why it is appropriate for publication in IJMSW. Manuscripts are subjected to an unbiased double-blinded peer-review process. Decisions on accepting manuscripts for publication are solely based on the peer-review process, and the Editor’s discretion and the decision are final. The manuscript is sent for peer review to at least two external reviewers, and if required, it is sent to a third reviewer to act as a tie-breaker. A completed review by two reviewers recommending the acceptance of the manuscript for publication is mandatory. For more information, authors can visit https://ijmsweb.com/for-authors/. ?????8. Nature Medicine Official Website: https://www.nature.com/nm/ About the Journal: Nature Medicine is a monthly journal publishing original peer-reviewed research in all areas of medicine on the basis of its originality, timeliness, interdisciplinary interest and impact on improving human health. The Journal also publishes commissioned content, including News, Reviews and Perspectives, aimed at contextualizing the latest advances in translational and clinical research to reach a wide audience of M.D. and Ph.D. readers. All editorial decisions are made by a team of full-time professional editors. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: Authors can submit their manuscripts using either of the two routes mentioned herein. To submit a manuscript, authors can follow these steps: Review the scope of the Journal and author guidelines to ensure that your manuscript meets the journal's requirements. The author guidelines can be found under the “Submission Guidelines” section. Create an account on the Nature Medicine website. For this, click on the “Log in” link at the top of the page, and then click on “Register”. Fill out the registration form, and then log in to your account. Click on the “Submit” link on the Nature Medicine website, and follow the instructions to upload your manuscript, any accompanying files (e.g., figures, tables) and other necessary documents. During the submission process, you will be asked to select the appropriate category for your manuscript (e.g., research article, review, commentary). Choose the category that best fits your manuscript. Once you have submitted your manuscript, it goes through the editorial process. If your manuscript is sent out for peer review, you will receive an email asking you to read and sign the Editorial Policies. If your article is accepted for publication, you will need to follow the formatting guidelines. Once your manuscript is formally accepted, it is sent to Production to prepare for publication. For more information, authors can visit https://www.nature.com/nm/submission-guidelines. 9. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (IJMM) Official Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/indian-journal-of-medical-microbiology About the Journal: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology (IJMM) provides comprehensive coverage of medical microbiology, as well as infectious diseases. The Journal welcomes wide ranging contributions; from basic research at laboratory to clinical trials, including bacteriology, mycobacteriology, virology, mycology and parasitology, infection prevention and control, and infectious diseases. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit an article, authors can follow these steps: Guide for authors can be downloaded and/or read by visiting https://www.elsevier.com/journals/indian-journal-of-medical-microbiology/0255-0857/guide-for-authors Visit https://www.editorialmanager.com/ijmmb/default2.aspx and register. Upon successful registration, you will be sent an e-mail with instructions to verify your registration. Click the “Login” button from the menu above and login to the system as “Author”. You may then submit your manuscript. The journal’s online submission system guides you stepwise through the process of entering your article details and uploading your files. The system converts your article files to a single PDF file used in the peer-review process. Editable files (e.g., Word, LaTeX) are required to typeset your article for final publication. This journal operates a double-blind review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding the acceptance or rejection of articles. All correspondence, including notification of the Editor's decision and requests for revision, is sent by e-mail. The Editor's decision is final. For more information, authors can visit https://www.elsevier.com/journals/indian-journal-of-medical-microbiology/0255-0857/guide-for-authors. 11. New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) Official Website: https://www.nejm.org/ About the Journal: The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is recognized as the world’s leading medical journal and website. Published continuously for over 200 years, NEJM delivers high-quality, peer-reviewed research and interactive clinical content to physicians, educators, researchers, and the global medical community. NEJM keeps healthcare professionals at the leading edge of medical knowledge, fosters broad understanding in their areas of interest, and provides a variety of engaging and innovative ways to learn. Official email: [email protected] How to submit: To submit a manuscript, authors can follow these steps: Visit https://mc05.manuscriptcentral.com/nejm and create an account. Login into your account and begin the submission process by clicking on “Create New Submission”. You will need to provide information about your manuscript, including its title, abstract, authors, and keywords. After completing the submission form, you will be prompted to upload your manuscript file. Make sure it follows NEJM's guidelines for authors. Before submitting your manuscript, review all of the information you have provided to make sure it is accurate and complete. Once you are satisfied, click “Submit” to submit your manuscript to NEJM. NEJM employs a rigorous peer review and editing process to evaluate all manuscripts for scientific accuracy, novelty, and importance. At least five experts review and edit each Original Article or Special Article manuscript published by NEJM. For more information, authors can visit https://www.nejm.org/author-center/home?query=footer.

Sumasri

May 10, 2023

AIS Technolabs Global Scholarship Program 2023

About AIS Technolabs Global Scholarship Program 2023 The Global Scholarship Program from AIS Technolabs is for students from all parts of the world who are looking out for financial support and leadership development opportunities in their preferred subject. Our scholarships will be awarded to high-performing, talented students in all subjects and niches. Our scholarship program is more than a traditional program. We have designed this global scholarship program in order to foster and augment critical thinking skills and leadership potential for scholars to let them become the next generation of decision-makers, global leaders, socially conscious innovators, and visionaries. Benefits Each scholar will be able to avail the following benefits: * Awarded with an annual scholarship award for up to two years for any subject and any college or university across the world. * Participate in a fully-funded seminar within the country and globally. * Gain mentorship by industry experts to help scholars identify short-term and long-term academic goals. Assistance in successfully reaching those goals through one-to-one meetings, networking, and communication by email. * Become a member of the AIS Technolab Global Scholars Alumni community. * Participate in experiential learning modules, and leadership development training combined with network opportunities with industry experts. Eligibility : • The applicants must have completed secondary school / high school education. • The applicant can be a citizen of any country or region. • You must have applied for a postgraduate or undergraduate course in any subject of your choice with an accredited college / institution / university in the world. • The applicant must have completed at least one term in the respective course. • The applicant must not be a dropout from college. • There must be no gap between the bachelor’s and master’s degree programs. Application Process If you successfully meet the eligibility criteria for AIS’s Global Scholarship Program, here check the details of the application process. • You are required to submit a project on your favorite subject that highlights the purpose and flow of a particular topic in detail. The project must be 1500-2000 words in length and must be useful to other students or learners. • Email the completed project on [email protected] before 15th May of every year. • The project will be reviewed by our panel of judges. Our experts will also verify the details provided by all the students. If the details and projects submitted by you meet our expectations, you can win this scholarship. • The winners are announced online on our website https://www.aistechnolabs.com by 31st May of every year. Important Details To make sure your application is considered and not rejected, it is mandatory to provide the following details. • Full Name • Contact Details • Contact Address (including permanent and temporary address) • Student ID Number • Preferred Subject • Name of the University / College Note: Applications submitted after the mentioned last date will not be entertained under any condition. Also, it is strictly prohibited to contact us through other modes of communication like phone numbers, online messages, or any other. Contact us only through the email id mentioned on our website regarding the scholarship program. Terms & Conditions • AIS Technolabs holds the complete right over verifying all details submitted by you such as course name, student ID number, Name of the University / College, and more. • The amount of the scholarship is a one-time reward. • If the project provided is found to be plagiarized or contains any false application, the application would be rejected on an immediate basis and without any prior notification. • AIS Technolabs holds the complete right to alter the rules and regulations at any time during the scholarship process, except the amount of reward. • AIS Technolabs will never share the details of students or projects with any third-party be it a person or company. Update Please visit our page on a regular basis to know about all updates and important dates regarding our Global Scholarship Program. For more details refer the Official Website.

Sumasri

May 05, 2023

Robotic Automation in Healthcare & How it can help

Introduction Medical practice is poised to undergo a transformation as a result of robotics. Robots are becoming increasingly popular in medicine due to technological advancements such as artificial intelligence, miniaturisation, and computer power. A probe was inserted into the brain using a robotic arm and computed tomography navigation about 34 years ago to obtain a biopsy specimen using medical robots.[1] In recent years, computer vision and data analytics powered by artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed medical robots.[2] Currently, robotic technology is used in operating rooms and clinical settings to support healthcare workers and improve patient care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals and clinics were using robots to help reduce exposure to pathogens through a wide range of tasks that robots can accomplish. Robots have emerged as one of the most popular surgical tools in today's world. Specifically, robots, computers and software are used to accurately manipulate surgical instruments through small incisions on the skin during a variety of surgical procedures. In different industries, surgical robots are being developed for the purpose of performing a specific surgical procedure, for example, replacing a knee or hip. India installed the first urologic robotic system in 2006, following the approval of the da Vinci system by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2000[3]. As the decade progressed, robotic surgery in India experienced unprecedented growth. As of July 2019, there were 66 robotic centres and 71 robotic installations located throughout India, and there are approximately 500 robotic surgeons trained in the field[4]. It has been reported that more than 12,800 surgeries have been performed with the assistance of robotic surgery during the past 12 years. More robotic surgeons are expected to become trained, as well as other surgical specialities utilizing this platform to a greater extent. This article examines robotic automation in healthcare surgery. Robotics in healthcare Robotics is used in healthcare for a variety of tasks, ranging from simple laboratory tasks to complex surgical procedures. In addition to assisting human surgeons, surgical robots can perform procedures on their own. Aside from that, robots are also used in labs and hospitals to complete repetitive tasks, assist patients with long-term conditions, and support them with rehabilitation and physical therapy. There is an expected growth of $20 billion in the global medical robotics market by 2023. There are several possibilities for robotic applications in the healthcare industry, including, but not limited to the following: The rise of surgical assistance robots: Robotic surgical assistance has become more precise thanks to advances in motion control technologies. By leveraging computer vision capabilities and artificial intelligence, these robots assist surgeons and doctors in performing complex surgical procedures with high levels of accuracy and speed. It is becoming increasingly common to perform most internal procedures using surgical robots instead of open surgery. The use of these devices makes the surgical process more accurate and straightforward, as well as reduces the risk of complications and infections. The use of robots in orthopaedic surgery is also on the rise. Robots are being programmed to replace knees and hips in addition to performing orthopaedic surgeries. The rise of service robots: The primary purpose of service robots is to automate tasks that are routinely performed by healthcare professionals. Many service robots are capable of working autonomously and even sending reports after completing a task once they have been programmed to do so. Additionally, they can assist in the cleaning and disinfection of the facility. Among the methods used by these robots to reduce the risk of infection and uniformly sanitize places include UV light, air filtration, and hydrogen peroxide vapours. Social robots: In addition to their ability to interact directly with humans, social robots provide a number of benefits. Robots such as these can be used to monitor patients and provide social interaction in long-term care settings. Depending on their aims, they may help patients follow their treatment regimens, augment their cognitive engagement, and assist them in being alert and positive while following their treatment regimens. Pros & Cons-Benefits of robotic automation in healthcare surgery In the COVID-19 crisis, the healthcare industry occupied the forefront in all aspects and played a significant role in the well-being of the country and its citizens. Healthcare organizations place a high priority on patient care, safety, and information security. It is therefore imperative that the industry stays on top of the latest technological developments. In order to update technology in this sector, India is making every effort to do so as a developing nation. As part of today's healthcare technologies, digital operations, e-services, and artificial intelligence (AI) are used extensively. The sector must, however, undergo a great deal of transformation before it can fully utilize its full potential. An important role that Robotic Process Automation (RPA) can play here is to assist with this process. By eliminating repetitive and time-consuming manual tasks, RPA enables organizations to work more productively. It is through this method that human resources can be utilized more effectively by engaging them in activities that add high value to the company and at the same time improve customer satisfaction and interaction levels. For a surgical program to succeed, it must be available in large numbers, the steps need to be standardized, and repetition of exposure to the same diseases reinforces the stringent management protocols and ensures efficient utilization of resources at a reasonable cost. Despite being a major social issue, the alarming increase in the Indian population results in the treatment of a large number of patients by a single surgeon. Consequently, most robotic surgeons can cross the learning curve early and have an abundance of learning opportunities available to them. As far as the nominal gross domestic product was concerned, India ranked 7th in the world and 3rd in terms of purchasing power parity, according to this report[5]. Between 2015 and 2018, the Indian economy experienced the fastest growth among major economies in the world, surpassing the Chinese economy for the first time[6] (see here). With the growth of the economy and the rapid expansion of the healthcare industry, institutions are being decentralized and more hospitals can offer robotic surgery, thus resulting in a decline in the cost of the procedure. Increase in the number of experienced surgeons In addition to having improved ergonomics, motion scalability, and tremor filtration, robotic technology has also increased the age of the surgical capability of surgeons. A country like India, where there is a constant demand for surgeons and whose population is growing rapidly, would benefit greatly from such a program. Robotic surgery is becoming increasingly popular in India as other disciplines are slowly embracing it, which allows for a reduction in maintenance costs, making it a much more cost-effective option.[7] There are currently several robotic systems being developed for clinical applications. It is anticipated that these systems will result in a competitive market for intuitive surgical devices, which will reduce the initial investment cost and maintainability, thus making them more accessible and more widely used by the Indian population. Drawbacks of robotic automation in healthcare surgery The growing popularity of robotic surgery could result in patients placing an undue amount of pressure on the surgeon because of their irrational demands. As a result, robotic surgery may be used irrationally out of fear of being left behind. In countries like India where literacy rates are lower and there is a greater understanding of health, the situation is especially problematic. The recurring costs of the instruments are of much greater concern than the initial costs. The results of many studies on the cost-effectiveness of open/laparoscopic surgeries for pyeloplasty and prostatectomy have shown that these procedures are much more cost-effective than robotic surgery, and as a result of the expenditures on robotic surgery, the health sector expenditures would increase. The uses of Robotic Process Automation in the healthcare industry Electronic data sharing: Robotic Automation can have a crucial role to play in ensuring to adhere to privacy protocols in electronic data sharing within healthcare, by regulating permission and access rights in the sharing of medical records. Additionally, robotic automation makes it possible to detect and respond to cyber-attacks promptly, eliminating the possibility of data loss or corruption as a result. With the enhanced cyber security enabled by this automation, healthcare providers will be able to deal with security breaches in the future, especially if they have suffered any in the past. Scheduling appointment: The appointment scheduling process is tightly linked to electronic records, and as such, it is a time-consuming process that can be automated through RPA. With RPA, there is a great deal of potential to increase efficiency by scanning incoming data and arranging appointments based on relevant data such as symptoms or suspected diagnosis, availability of doctors, location, or most convenient time for patients. In addition to relieving healthcare professionals of tedious scheduling tasks, this system is also likely to increase the satisfaction of patients by removing the need for laborious scheduling activities. Monitoring assets: As hospitals are looking to improve their efficiency, it has become increasingly important to monitor assets such as ventilators, defibrillators, and medical pumps. When used in conjunction with digital sensors and cloud-based control panels, RPA can provide the following benefits: ensuring assets can be found easily by staff; improving the accuracy and up-to-dateness of equipment inventories; monitoring the condition of assets to ensure they are replaced when they become faulty. Conclusion In the healthcare sector, robotics is already bringing a paradigm shift, and with the advancements in technology, there is expected to be more to come in the future. As a result, it becomes imperative for healthcare organizations to consider the potential long-term benefits of robotic technologies and invest in them to better manage their organizations in the future, especially in light of the tremendous potential these technologies offer. We believe that having considered the various facts and practical, logistic, and economic aspects of the spread of robotic surgery in India, and the judicious use of this technique as well as standardized reporting of results, the spread of robotic surgery is possible. [1] Marc Zanello, Alexandre Roux, Suhan Senova Robot-Assisted Stereotactic Biopsies in 377 Consecutive Adult Patients with Supratentorial Diffuse Gliomas: Diagnostic Yield, Safety, and Postoperative Outcomes. Available here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1878875020326942?via%3Dihub [2] Ryan A. Beasley Medical Robots: Current Systems and Research Directions. Available here: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jr/2012/401613/ [3] Rafael F. Coelho, Bernardo Rocco Retropubic, Laparoscopic, and Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy: A Critical Review of Outcomes Reported by High-Volume Centers. Available here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3122926/ [4]Girdhar S Bora Robot-assisted surgery in India: A SWOT analysis. Available here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338402362_Robot-assisted_surgery_in_India_A_SWOT_analysis [5] A Shifting Global Economic Landscape. Available here: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2016/12/27/A-Shifting-Global-Economic-Landscape [6] Indian healthcare market to hit $373 billion by 2022. The Economic Times. 2017/12/03 [7] P.N. Dogra Current Status of Robotic Surgery in India. Available here: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=J+Int+Med+Sci+Acad&title=Current+status+of+robotic+surgery+in+India&author=PN+Dogra&volume=25&publication_year=2012&pages=145&

Sumasri

May 04, 2023

Fulbright Nehru Master’s Fellowships 2024-2025

About Fulbright Nehru Master’s Fellowships 2024-2025 The Fulbright-Nehru Master’s Fellowships are designed for outstanding Indians to pursue a master’s degree program at select U.S. colleges and universities in the areas of Arts and Culture Management including Heritage Conservation and Museum Studies; Economics; Environmental Science/Studies; Higher Education Administration; International Affairs; International Legal Studies; Public Administration; Public Health; Urban and Regional Planning; and Women’s Studies/Gender Studies. These fellowships are for highly motivated individuals who demonstrate leadership qualities, have completed the equivalent of a U.S. bachelor’s degree, have at least three years professional work experience, and are committed to return and contribute to their communities. The fellowships are for one to two years. Grant Benefits The fellowship will provide the following benefits: * J-1 visa support; * Round-trip economy class air travel from fellow’s home city to the host institution in the U.S. * Funding for tuition and fees*, living and related costs; and * Accident and sickness coverage per U.S. Government guidelines. The Fulbright-Nehru Master’s Fellowships provide no financial support for dependents. * USIEF funding may not cover all costs and the scholar may need to supplement grant benefits with other resources. Eligibility Requirements In addition to the General Prerequisites, the applicants should: * must have completed an equivalent of a U.S. bachelor’s degree from a recognized Indian university with at least 55% marks. Applicants must either possess a four-year bachelor’s degree or a completed master’s degree, if the bachelor’s degree is of less than four years’ duration; * must have at least three years’ full-time (paid) professional work experience relevant to your proposed field of study by the application deadline; * should demonstrate experience in leadership and community service; * must not have another degree from a U.S. university or be enrolled in a U.S. degree program; and *if employed, please follow the instructions carefully regarding employer’s endorsement. If applicable, please obtain the endorsement from the appropriate administrative authority on the FNMasters Employer’s Endorsement Form. The employer must indicate that leave will be granted for the fellowship period. Eligible Fields of Study Each applicant should choose one field of study that matches his/her chief area of interest. The following field descriptions are illustrative and applicants should note that individual academic host institution programs of study may differ in course offerings, subspecialties, and academic requirements. Arts and Culture Management including Heritage Conservation and Museum Studies: The study of all aspects of art and culture management, including arts administration, heritage conservation and museum studies, management of profit and not-for-profit art institutions, among others. These fellowships are not for pursuing graduate degrees in fine or applied art and design or art history, but for the management of the arts. Public Health: The study of all aspects of public health including biostatistics, environmental and occupational health, epidemiology, health law, bioethics and human rights, health policy and management, public health delivery systems, international health, and reproductive, maternal and child health, among others. Application Deadline: May 17, 2023, 23:59:59 hrs (IST) Placement of successful candidates is done by the Institute of International Education (IIE), New York. Recommended applicants do not need to apply to U.S. institutions on their own. IIE/Fulbright Program will apply to four different institutions on their behalf, taking into consideration the candidates’ preferred institutions and the candidates’ competitiveness. If a recommended candidate has previously applied to U.S. institutions and has requested a deferral from the institution, the candidate must notify USIEF immediately. For any queries contact: masters(at)usief.org.in For more deails and How To Apply please refer the Official Website : Fellowship Publisher Link

Sumasri

Apr 28, 2023

Overview of Code of Conduct for Doctors in India

Introduction The Code of Conduct to be followed by doctors in India is a series of guidelines that must be followed by medical practitioners while performing their duties and the rules mentioned in the code of conduct must not be violated in either letter or spirit, thus making them inviolable in essence, and mandatory in adherence in a manner. The Code of Conduct lays down general principles that encompass ethical practices that must be followed by medical practitioners upon their honour. Pledge- Code of Conduct In the Indian Context, the pledge every stakeholder related to the Indian Medical Association, the biggest representative organization of medical practitioners in India,[1] includes a promise that the pledger shall not use their medical prowess or knowledge contrary to the benefit of humanity, followed by a series of positive obligations laid down such as the obligation to abide by the ethics of the medical field as laid down with regards to Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette, and Ethics) Regulations, 2002, the obligation to maintain regard and respect for human life, for the profession and practice, the secrets confined by others whilst the practice of the profession, as well as respecting the dignity of the profession. The Code of Conduct also stipulates obligations with regard to others, that the health of the patient must be the primary and foremost consideration for any practitioner and, those who have taught the practitioner the science of medicine shall also be accorded respect as well as gratitude. Further, colleagues of the practitioner must be treated with due regard. It also forbears any discrimination towards a patient on the grounds of religion, race, caste, gender, nationality or place of birth. Thus, it can be inferred that it lays down a wide range of stipulations for a good and holistic career and practices ahead for the practitioner.[2] Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002 Before the inclusion of any practitioner in the rolls of registered medical practitioners, signing the application made under the provisions of Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002 is a rite of passage. Every applicant is mandatorily required to provide a copy of the declaration and certify in the affirmative that he or she shall comply with the laid down stipulations. The Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002 lays down several duties and responsibilities every practitioner must adhere to with regard to maintaining an optimum and good medical practice, ensuring the morally upright character of the practitioner, as well as the standards to be followed for maintenance of records, display of registration number given by Medical Council, for use of generic drugs, etc. It lays down guidelines pertaining to payment received for professional services, as well as legal intricacies and restrictions therein under Chapter 1 of the Regulations. Chapters 2 & 3 of the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002, most vital to the adherence to the Code, lays down in detail the duties of every physician towards their patients, at every stage of their treatment, from diagnosis to discharge stage. Complementing the provisions laid down in Chapter 2, Chapter 3 further elaborates on the Duties of every physician towards their patients, during consultation in particular. Chapter 4 of the Regulations simply states the responsibilities bestowed to each practitioner pertaining to fellow practitioners. Chapter 5 of the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002, is more in the nature of ‘in rem’ (against the world) regulations, stating the duties of the physicians towards the public at large, and towards the profession as a whole. Chapter 6 is the nemesis of the regulations, laying down the specificities of the unethical acts, which can further lead to penalty or punishment for the practitioner concerned. Chapters 7 & 8 clearly demarcate the different types of wrongdoings that have to be avowed and the punishments for the same. Chapter 8 specifically mentions the provision for disciplinary action. However. Punishments can also include criminal proceedings and subsequently, conviction if found guilty. Thus, the Regulations are all comprehensive and lay down detailed guidelines for facilitating smoother conduct in the profession.[3] Compliance in Present Scenario Despite the fact that the Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette & Ethics) Regulations 2002 lays down several duties and responsibilities every practitioner must adhere to with regards to maintaining an optimum and good medical practice, there have been several instances of misconduct, which led to several amendments to incorporate better and more stringent provisions for adherence. The Indian Medical Council (Professional Conduct, Etiquette and Ethics), Regulations 2002, which stipulated standards to be observed by medical practitioners in the nation, were changed by the notification on December 10, 2009. Under the Amendment made in 2009, doctors are not permitted to accept gifts, travel benefits, hospitality, financial awards, funding for medical research, endorsements, etc. as per the revamped code. Further, the self-regulatory group for doctors has been searching for measures to stop corruption in the industry, owing to several contemporary instances of the practice of the same. The Medical Council of India seeks to achieve two main goals by this modification to the current code of ethics. The First Goal is that no pharmaceutical firm should have any influence over a medical professional. Secondly, since pharmaceutical companies would spend less on marketing to doctors, it is anticipated that they will pass the savings on to patients by lowering medicine prices.[4] Thus, the amendment made in 2009 aimed to remedy several lacunae in the 2002 Regulations. However, even the current regulations fell short, leading to a proposal being made in 2019. The National Medical Commission (NMC) Act, 2019, has finally been recommended for revisions by the Union Ministry of Health. The modifications will enable people to challenge negligent doctors if they are approved. The modifications follow a Supreme Court decision from November 2003 ordering the Medical Council of India to include clauses in the Ethics Regulations allowing patients to sue doctors for malpractice or professional misconduct. The addition of a fifth autonomous body, the Board of Examinations in Medical Sciences, to carry out a two-part exam for the registration of doctors, is another significant change being proposed to the National Medical Commission (NMC) Act, 2019[5]. Thus, it is clear that compliance and lack of regulation is still glaring issue pertaining to the present setup. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that the Code of Conduct to be observed by doctors in India is a set of standards that is imperative for medical professionals to abide by when carrying out their routine duties. While it leaves several provisions to the good conscience of the practitioner, in the recent past several instances of corruption and lack of adherence to technical requirements and standards have been observed which has led to demands for a comprehensive amendment. There is a need for an oversight mechanism to regulate as well as oversee the adherence to the Regulations of 2009. More emphasis must be put on the penalties for non-compliance of the provisions laid down in all the regulatory mechanisms. The amendments proposed in the year of 2019 must be incorporated and subsumed into the Regulations of 2009 for giving more teeth to the Medical Council of India for stricter efficacy. Only in the long run can the effects of such amendments be gauged, which will pave the way for a strengthened and holistic practice in the medical field in the Indian Context. [1] Stable URL- https://www.ima-india.org/ima/free-way-page.php?pid= [2] Stable URL- https://www.ima-india.org/ima/free-way-page.php?pid=18 [3] Stable URL- https://wbconsumers.gov.in/writereaddata/ACT%20&%20RULES/Relevant%20Act%20&%20Rules/Code%20of%20Medical%20Ethics%20Regulations.pd [4]Stable URL- https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/health/amendments-proposed-to-national-medical-commission-act-allow-patients-to-appeal-against-erring-doctors-87043 [5] Stable URL- https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/210357.pdf

Sumasri

Apr 27, 2023

Assam Foundation of North America – AKADAMICS SCHOLARSHIP

About Assam Foundation of North America – AKADAMICS SCHOLARSHIP What is the purpose of the AFNA sponsored Kaushik Das Memorial College Scholarship (AKADAMICS)? This is an initiative under the auspices of Assam Foundation of North America to award educational scholarships and mentoring to students who are financially deprived but have demonstrated promising academics. The scholarships are awarded to students pursuing postsecondary education. The objective is to encourage higher education among financially needy students and eventually making them capable of providing for their family. Who is eligible? * Students seeking to or already enrolled in a bachelor’s degree course in any discipline are eligible; no scholarship is available at this stage for pursuing diploma/certificate level courses. * The applicant should have passed his/her Higher Secondary/Pre-University/CBSE/ISC or equivalent board qualifying examination. * Students of families whose per-head family income (i.e. total family income/total family members) is at or below Rs. 50,000 per year are eligible for the scholarship. Family income refers to the income after deductions for taxes or other purposes. Only direct family members will count towards the total family members. * A potential awardee should be a permanent resident of the state of Assam verified through appropriate documentation. How to Apply? * For completing applications online click here – Application Form. * For completing paper applications, please print the online form and mail it to the address provided at the bottom of this page. What are the key dates and deadlines? Applications Open for 2023-2024 – Jan 1st, 2023 Last Date for Application Submission (Online or Paper) for 2022-2023 session – Apr 30th, 2023 Last Date for Documentation Submission (from the requested applicants) – July 31st, 2023 Scholarship Announcement – Aug 31, 2023 For more details please refer the Official Website

Sumasri

Apr 20, 2023

An Analysis of the Impact of Budget 2023 on the Healthcare Sector

Introduction The Union Budget for the year 2023-24, was presented by Union Minister of Finance Shrimati Nirmala Sitharaman, on the 1st of February, 2023. The budget was touted as the first budget of the ‘Amrit Kaal’, by the Central Government, in furtherance of the aim embraced by the Union Government to propel India’s growth to such an extent that it can be classified as a developed country in the next quarter of a decade.[1] However, the budget for 2023-24 had no major announcements in tow for the healthcare sector.[2] Number Decoding- The Quantum of Allocation to the Healthcare Sector It was announced by Union Minister of Finance Nirmala Sitharaman that the healthcare sector has been allocated a whooping ? 89,155 crores in the Union Budget 2023-24, which is a hike of around 13 per cent over ? 79,145 crores allocated in 2022-23, thus affirming the need for higher expenditure towards the healthcare sector in the Indian Context. Further, the budgetary allocation for the AYUSH Ministry has been increased from ?, 2,845.75 crore (2022-23) to ? 3,647.50 crores, which is a 28 per cent increase. Out of ? 89,155 crores allotted in totality, ? 86,175 crores has been allocated to the Department of Health and Family Welfare, while ? 2,980 crores have been allotted to the Department of Health Research.[3] Key Highlights –Healthcare Sector Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)- The allocated funds under PMSSY witnessed a steep decrease of 2/3rd of the previously allocated funds in the budget of 2022-23. The reallocation of the balance amount in the establishment of the Institute of Excellence, AIIMS, with sanction for 22 campuses, has received a warm response. Human Resources for Medical & Health Education- Another field that logged in a significant decrease in the quantum of allocation is the Human Resources for Medical & Health Education, which received ? 6500 crores, a decrease of ? 1000 crore from the previous budget. Impetus on Development of Nursing Services- Contrary to the decreased abovementioned allocations towards the field of Human Resources for Medical & Health Education, there was an increase by 2/3rd of the previously allocated funds in the budget of 2022-23, to the Development of Nursing Services, to buttress and strengthen the Nursing Sector pan-India. Also, the impetus has been laid on private sector contribution and participation in the aforementioned sector. Allocation to ICMR- As a component of budgetary allocation towards the Department of Health Research, ? 2,360 cr. out of a total of ? 2,980 cr. was allocated to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), totalling an increase of 7.4 per cent from last year’s budget of 2022-23. Furthermore, the initiative of making select ICMR labs to be made available for research is expected to encourage collaborative research and innovation, in the long run. COVID-19 Insurance under PM Garib Kalyan Package- The Budgetary Allocation for insurance against COVID-19 for healthcare workers under the schemes under Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Package has dropped steeply from ? 226 crores in 2022-23 to only ? 0.01 crore in 2023-24, almost nullifying the allocations to a diminutive amount. National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)- Also, there was a decrease of 23 per cent in the allocation for all the schemes for the establishment & strengthening of NCDC Branches. Similarly, no amount was allocated for blood transfusion services under the 2023-24 budgetary year as compared to ? 404 crores in 2022-23.[4] Analysis of Budget 2023-24 The first aspect to be understood is the implications associated with the increased, albeit marginal, allocations made towards the healthcare and medical sector. Medical Experts & Doctors welcomed the generous allocations made towards the domain of setting up institutes of medical studies and nursing colleges, stating that such allocations shall ostensibly provide a strong impetus towards the healthcare ecosystem as a whole.[5] Secondly, the nature of the budget is futuristic as well as forward-thinking with an intent to analyze the long-term effects of allocations towards medical research, and the budget will eventually pave the way for the fruition of efforts towards Universal Health Coverage, in the Indian context, which at present, is lacking.[6] Further, the efforts made to eliminate Sickle Cell Anaemia, according to Hon’ble Minister Nirmala Sitharaman will pave the way for a generation of facilities for universal screening, as well as increase awareness towards the side effects of Sickle Cell Anaemia within vulnerable groups as well as groups with increased propensity to be afflicted by the same. The efforts towards elimination of sickle cell anaemia by the year 2047 were also welcomed by leading medical experts, with Dr Ashutosh Raghuvasnhi, MD & CEO, Fortis Healthcare Limited, stating that the initiative will benefit a large section of the population in the long run.[7] Further, the increased allocation of funding for the healthcare sector will also enable the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) to enhance its facilities. This betterment of facilities will enable public vis-à-vis private medical college stakeholders and students to undertake research within the facilities themselves and also will offer access to the private sector research and development teams. Access by these diverse teams will encourage more collaborative research and innovation in healthcare. This indicates the budget’s sharp focus towards the domain of medical research as well as collaborative research, as well as research and development, which are essential for the advancement of the medical field.[8] The National Health Mission (NHM) budget, which combines the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) into one programme, also decreased from Rs 37,159 crore the previous year to Rs 36,785 crore this year. The NHM is arguably one of the largest umbrella schemes of the health ministry and aims to support a variety of verticals, including the health of women and children.[9] The government's acknowledgement of the present technical breakthroughs in healthcare is shown by the budget's emphasis on pharmaceutical innovation. According to the finance minister, the government would launch a new initiative to support pharmaceutical innovation and research. The government will also encourage business players to spend money on R&D in the designated priority fields, which include cutting-edge medical technology.[10] According to a document released by the Ministry of Finance, Government of India, entitled, ‘Outcome Budget’ 2023-24[11], in February 2023, according to the financial outlay presented for 2023-24, the measurable outcomes laid down stipulate efficiency of the outcome of the budgetary allocations. This document also promotes transparency and efficiency in understanding the government’s development-based agenda. However, the practical utility of the budget is yet to be seen. Conclusion Through efficient financial allocations and encouraging cooperation, the Indian healthcare sector has kept expanding at a significant rate. The government's focus on two key factors for better healthcare is highlighted in the 2023–24 budget: expanding the number of qualified medical personnel and funding R&D. Additionally, allocations have increased significantly, demonstrating the commitment to a more effective healthcare system. Even though the department's appropriations increased slightly, after accounting for inflation, they do not amount to much. The revised budget estimates for the previous year were similarly noted by experts to be less than the original amount. The budgeted estimate was lower than the revised estimate for the first time this year, according to a review of the budgets for the five financial years before this one. However, the long-term impact of the budget is yet to be ascertained, so it can be concluded that the allocations made towards the healthcare sector in 2023-24 are a welcome step.[12] Stable URL- https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/union-budget-2023-24-heres-what-healthcare-sector-got-from-the-budget-55805 Stable URL- https://www.financialexpress.com/budget/budget-2023-no-major-announcements-on-health-front-allocations-increase-by-meagre-12-per-cent-2969712/ Stable URL- https://www.wionews.com/business-economy/union-budget-2023-24-heres-what-healthcare-sector-got-from-the-budget-55805 Stable URL- https://www.expresshealthcare.in/budget-2023/indian-union-budget-2023-24-key-announcements-for-healthcare-sector/438026/ Stable URL- https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/budget/budget-2023-24-experts-welcome-increased-allocation-for-health-sector/articleshow/97532938.cms?from=md Ibid. Supra Note 5. Stable URL- https://www.hindustantimes.com/brand-stories/union-budget-2023-24-transformational-for-healthcare-sector-101676024724734.html Stable URL- https://cprindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/NHM_2021_22.pdf Ibid. Stable URL- https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/OutcomeBudgetE2023_2024.pd Stable URL- https://thewire.in/health/budget-2023-health-department-analysis

Sumasri

Apr 14, 2023

Autism Spectrum Disorder- All You Need To Know

Autism Spectrum Disorder can be defined as a development-related disability, stemming from differences in the brain region. It is characterized by friction in social communication, and social interaction, & often displays repetitive as well as narrowed-down behaviours, patterns or interests. Those who are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder often have distinct methods or ways of learning, paying attention, movements etc. These characteristics and behaviour patterns can make social interactions and daily life very challenging for those who have Autism. This article aims at explaining the disorder and related aspects. Read on! Understanding the Disorder Those who have autism display different behaviour, and have behavioural patterns that can be characterized as unusual. Such behaviours might include repeating certain words or phrases over or over, lining up objects, toys, and other items in a particular order and getting significantly upset when the order is disturbed or changed in any manner whatsoever, playing with toys in the same and repetitive manner every time, excessive focus or attention to detail towards a part or an object in particular as compared to others, and strict insistence on following certain patterns or routines. Socially, those who have autism get upset by seemingly minor or trivial changes, have obsessive interests, have different and unusual bodily movements, often flapping their hands, or spinning themselves in circles, coupled with an unusual or unpleasant reaction towards how things smell, taste, sound, or feel like. Thus, as a whole, their behaviour, mannerisms and attitude are distinct as compared to peers around the same age. Why a Spectrum? Autism Spectrum Disorder is often characterized and widely known as a “spectrum” disorder based on the underlying fact that there are wide and significant variations in the nature and severity of displayed symptoms that people experience. It is not universal and linear in nature but is different based on several factors, which are yet to be understood. Persons from all races, ethnicities, and economic and social backgrounds can be diagnosed with Autistic Disorder. When it needs Medications/Therapy, Those who have Autism Spectrum Disorder might require treatment in order to significantly reduce the symptoms displayed that end up interfering with their quality of life, as well as social interactions, and affect their day-to-day functioning. Because Autistic Disorder has a distinct impact on each individual, each person with Autism Spectrum Disorder has various strengths, problems, and treatment needs. As a result, treatment programmes frequently involve several specialists and are tailored to the person. Treatments may be offered in a variety of venues, including those related to education, health, the community, or the home. To make sure that treatment goals and progress are meeting expectations, it is crucial that professionals communicate with one another, the person with ASD, and their family. Additional supports can help with health and everyday functioning as well as social and community engagement as people with ASD graduate from high school and enter adulthood. Some people may require assistance in order to find work, finish job training, continue their education, secure housing, and access transportation. What is Developmental Delays? A kid/child may have a developmental delay if his overall growth is slower than average, is consistently sluggish in one area (such as using language or physical abilities), or appears to have stopped. Parents are questioned about the child's developmental history, including the pregnancy and delivery, and medical history, in order to make a diagnosis of a developmental delay. Data on the child's verbal, physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development is gathered through one-on-one diagnostic play sessions and instruments supported by empirical research. A final report is produced using the data and observations of the child made in-depth, and it is presented to the parents at a feedback session. Treatment for developmental delay may include occupational, physical or speech therapy. What parents with autistic children should know? For any parent, learning that their child has been diagnosed with autism can be a challenging experience. There are various doubts about how the child will adjust and adapt to life, how the family will adjust, and the day-to-day challenges that a child with autism might face. It is a vital point for every stakeholder involved, and thus the parent must know and understand certain aspects that can pave the way for a positive bonding experience and future for the child and the family as a whole. Parents of those affected with autism must find strategies for effectively raising a child with autism, as well as resources that might be employed and required for the holistic development of a child with autism. Parents must also know that they are not alone, as several people are grappling with such issues. Parents must know that there is no stigma associated with autism and children with autism can function just as well as their counterparts, just with the help of a little aid. Parents must also actively employ strategies in order to reduce and mitigate the negative effects of the diagnosis of autism in the family. Lastly, parents must know and believe that a positive future lies ahead for the child and the family. Care Various techniques can be employed by health care providers, parents, and teachers to assist those who have Autistic Disorder. Some of the methods of providing care to those with Autism Spectrum Disorder are as follows- Behavioural techniques concentrate on altering behaviours by comprehending what takes place prior to and following the behaviour. The most effective methods for addressing symptoms are behavioural ones. Both educators and healthcare professionals now accept them broadly. Developmental approaches concentrate on enhancing a narrow range of interconnected developmental abilities, such as language skills or motor skills, or a broader range of developmental abilities. For those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, speech and language therapy is the most popular developmental therapy. Social-relational treatments concentrate on enhancing social skills and fostering emotional connections, while educational treatments are delivered in a classroom context. In certain social-relational strategies, parents or peer mentors are involved. The primary signs and symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder cannot be treated by medicine. Co-occurring symptoms are treated by several drugs, which can improve autistic patients' functioning. People with Autistic Disorder can benefit from psychological strategies to manage their anxiety, depression, and other mental health conditions. One psychological strategy that emphasises understanding the relationships between thoughts, feelings, and behaviours is cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT). Some people, including parents, employ therapies that don't fall under any of the other categories. These procedures are referred to as complementary and alternative procedures. Alternative and complementary therapies are frequently utilised in conjunction with more conventional methods. Specialized diets, herbal supplements, chiropractic adjustments, art therapy, mindfulness, and relaxation techniques are a few examples. For those with Autism Spectrum Disorder, speech and language therapy is the most popular developmental therapy. The person's comprehension and use of speech and language are both improved by speech and language therapy. Some grappling with Autism Spectrum Disorder uses verbal communication. Symptoms Those diagnosed with Autistic Disorder often face a myriad of symptoms which can range from differences in movement to problems in social interactions and cues. Some of the symptoms displayed by those having Autistic Disorder are as follows- Non-Response on calling by name by the completion of the age of 9 months and above. No display of emotions, which characterize happiness, sadness, pain, anger, or surprise, by the completion of the age of 9 months and above. Inability or problems in maintaining eye contact. Use few/no communicative gestures by the age of 1 year and above. Distinct interests, or dissimilarity of interest with other children by the age of 15 months and above. Inability to point towards objects of interest by the completion of the age of 1.5 years and above. Inability to notice the emotions of others, e.g. hurt, sadness, by the completion of the age of 2 years and above. Does not enjoy playing with other children, or does not join in group social activities by the age of 3 years and above. Does not sing/dance/hum/pretend-play by the age of 5 years and beyond. Awareness Public awareness of autism is very important. Early diagnosis is necessary for the early use of multidisciplinary care, which enhances the outcome. In order to avoid delays in the delivery of such services, increased public awareness is required. Increased knowledge would also aid in reducing any potential social stigma that might be attached. There is a serious research deficit in ASD in developing nations, and these topics have gotten little attention in our region. Planning effective initiatives for autism education and awareness will require this knowledge. It is important to raise awareness of the need to support efforts to enhance the quality of life for people with autism so they can contribute fully to society. Thus, it can be understood that increasing awareness can help in different dimensions when it comes to Autism Spectrum Disorder. Statistics According to World Health Organization, about one in 100 children has autism, as of 2022, worldwide. This estimate represents an average figure and reported prevalence varies substantially across studies. Some well-controlled studies have, however, reported figures that are substantially higher. The prevalence of autism in many low- and middle-income countries is unknown. Conclusion It can be concluded that Autism Spectrum Disorder is very prevalent, and common worldwide. With proper treatment, most of the symptoms of autism can be easily controlled and a child with Autistic Disorder can lead a normal life compared to his or her peers. Thus, steps must be taken to address the symptoms of Autistic Disorder in the long term, and for a positive developmental path for the child and family in the long run.

Sumasri

Apr 13, 2023

Muthoot M George Higher Education Scholarship

About Muthoot M George Higher Education Scholarship 2022 Empowering Youth to Have a Successful Future Mothoot finance invites applications from meritorious students who are pursuing professional courses ( MBBS, B.Tech and BSc., Nursing ) for Muthoot M George Higher Education Scholarship 2022 Scholarship Aount For Students MBBS – Rs.240000 B.Sc. Nursing – Rs.120000 Eligibility : * The student should secure a grade equivalent to 80% in the qualifying examination ( Plus 2) * The student’s family income should not be above Rs.2 Lakh per annum * The student shoud qualify in the relevant entrance examination and obtain admission in a recognized educational institution. Document Required : * Self request written by the student for scholarship in English * Recommend letter from a local VIP ( Political leader / Community leader) * +2 Mark Sheet * Passport Size photo * Income Certificate * Proof of College Admission ( Bonafied Certificate Fee receipt / ID Card ) * Admission Allotment Memo Only those who have received admission in 2022 should apply. Submit the application through the link given below https://scholarship.muthootgroup.com/ Only student from the following states can apply for the scholarship : Kerala, Delhi, Maharastra, Karnataka and Telangana The last Date for receiving applications is 15th April 2023

Sumasri

Apr 06, 2023

Toxic Workplace Culture In India

“But you will have to be available on WhatsApp 24x7!” In India, despite the growing grandeur of workplaces, the mindset of many managers remains stagnant. Unfortunately, outdated attitudes towards employee appearance and a lack of trust in their team members are still prevalent. Some managers even resort to unreasonable demands and harassment tactics, such as imposing pay cuts for simple personal choices like colouring hair or keeping a beard. Sometimes, peons may even resort to stalking employees, while managers may enforce strict attendance policies that restrict flexibility and autonomy. This unfortunate reality makes it all the more important for Indian workplaces to prioritise creating a positive and respectful work environment for all employees. India's work culture has a toxic tendency to glorify long work hours and hard work, leading to widespread burnout and exhaustion. The pressure to constantly hustle and grind is often justified under the guise of motivational phrases like "no excuses" or "the grind never stops," but in reality, it perpetuates extreme workaholism. This toxic culture is particularly pronounced in India, where a huge population means that individuals feel dispensable and replaceable. As a result, the pressure to work constantly and be always available has reached alarming levels, leading to a dangerous cycle of exhaustion and burnout. The prevalence of toxic work cultures in India is leading to a range of disturbing issues in the workplace. From being made to skip weekends four times in a row and work 24x7 for 30 days straight to facing office favouritism, dejection, workplace remarks, and even sexual harassment, employees are being subjected to a range of disturbing behaviors. This is causing even the most talented professionals to quit their dream jobs, as the toll of working in a toxic environment becomes too great to bear. What does a toxic workplace look like? While many factors can contribute to a toxic workplace culture, weak leadership is perhaps the most pervasive. Ineffective leaders who are in the wrong positions or lack a clear and persistent business strategy can create a ripple effect throughout the organisation, leading to a variety of problems. These leaders are supposed to be the stewards of the company's image and brand, but their incompetence often has the opposite effect. From low morale and lack of direction to a toxic work environment and high turnover rates, the impact of weak leadership can be felt throughout the organisation. Toxic work environments are characterized by negative behaviours such as reprimanding employees in public, lack of clarity about organizational objectives, fear of expressing opinions, and derogatory feedback. There is an increasing level of micromanagement, passive aggression, and hostility within teams. Watch out for these warning signs in a toxic workplace: Cliques and culture of gossip - People are being excluded. Employees spread rumours behind others’ backs. Poor communication - Employee input seems to go nowhere or there’s a lack of transparency around crucial processes or events. Mistrust of leadership or between coworkers - People don’t trust others to follow through or treat them with respect. Lack of empathy from leadership - Leaders put deadlines or personal reputation before their employees’ well-being. Frequent employee turnover - You’re seeing high levels of burnout or a high number of people who quit after just a few months at your company. Subtle workplace bullying - Conduct that’s threatening, humiliating, or intimidating including verbal or emotional abuse. Poor work/life balance - People are constantly working overtime or are expected to answer work calls and emails at all hours. Unequal enforcement of policies - Exceptions to discipline or other policies are made for high performers or “favourites.” Why employers cannot afford to ignore employee burnout Creating a supportive and positive work environment should be a crucial focus for any organization today. Apart from being the right thing to do, it also makes good business sense. Neglecting employee well-being and leaving burnout unaddressed can lead to the loss of valuable talent and have a detrimental impact on employee morale. Burnout is a gradual process that takes time to develop. Employees who experience high levels of stress at work are more likely to leave their jobs. Leaders should take action early on when employees begin to show signs of disengagement to prevent burnout from escalating and affecting the team or organization negatively. What can employers do to prevent a toxic work culture? “People leave managers, not companies.” To prevent a toxic workplace culture, start by evaluating your managers to ensure they are in the right position to succeed. Assess if they have the necessary skills to lead a team and if they can relate to and empathize with their staff. Additionally, evaluate if they have a positive attitude to overcome challenges. If the answer to most of these questions is negative, it may be time to consider making a change. Employee engagement surveys are an effective way for organizations to stay connected to their workforce and address any challenges they may be facing. These surveys can provide valuable feedback on the performance of management teams and help identify areas where improvement is needed. Encouraging employees to provide honest and open feedback can help highlight executives who may be struggling to lead effectively, allowing for necessary changes to be made. Overall, conducting regular employee engagement surveys can help organizations foster a culture of transparency and improve overall employee satisfaction. To foster a positive and productive workplace culture, it is important to avoid command-and-control leadership styles that can harm employee engagement and productivity. Instead, leaders should focus on clear communication and setting realistic expectations, especially in the midst of uncertainty. The pandemic has demonstrated that effective leadership can drive strong team performance even during challenging times. It is crucial for leaders to promote positivity and eliminate negativity within the workplace culture, starting with their own leadership approach. Positive leaders have the ability to inspire their team with optimism and hope, and recognize individual and group achievements. They focus on opportunities for future improvement rather than complaining or blaming. During challenging times, leaders who show empathy, humility, and integrity can build inclusive cultures that encourage purpose, innovation, and mutual support. How can a toxic workplace be fixed? Fixing a toxic workplace culture can be a complex and long-term process that requires commitment and effort from both leaders and employees. Here are a few steps that can help: Acknowledge the problem: Leaders must acknowledge and take responsibility for the existence of a toxic workplace culture. Conduct a thorough evaluation: Identify the root causes of the problem through surveys, focus groups, and one-on-one conversations with employees. Develop a clear action plan: Based on the evaluation, develop a clear action plan to address the issues and create a positive work environment. Communicate with employees: Communicate the action plan to employees, and provide regular updates on progress. Train leaders and employees: Provide training to leaders and employees on how to recognize and address toxic behaviors, and how to promote a positive work environment. Hold people accountable: Ensure that all employees, including leaders, are held accountable for their actions and behaviors. Celebrate progress: Recognize and celebrate progress towards a positive work environment, and continue to make improvements over time.

Sumasri

Mar 31, 2023

Career In Diagnostics: All You Need To Know

Introduction Diagnostics as a career involves utilising various techniques and technologies to diagnose medical conditions in patients. It has become a crucial aspect of healthcare in the era of modern medicine, enabling early disease detection and effective disease management. India’s healthcare industry is undergoing a rapid shift as a result of technological improvements, an increase in the demand for high-quality healthcare, and greater patient awareness. From clinical laboratory technologists to radiologists, pathologists to genetic counsellors, the career opportunities in diagnostics are vast and varied. This article explores all about a career in the field of diagnostics in India. Read on! Educational Qualifications Required In India, there are primarily three types of programs in diagnostics which are described below: Degree Courses: Undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctorate-level degree programs are available in the field of diagnostics. The duration of these programs usually varies from 2 to 5 years. Diploma Courses: Diploma courses in diagnostics are available at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels which may vary from a few months to 2 years. Certificate Programs: Certificate programs in diagnostics are offered at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Their duration might range from 2 weeks to 1 year. Undergraduate Degree Courses Course Name Duration Fees MBBS 5.5 years (including one year internship) INR 10,000-6,00,000 Bachelors in Medical Laboratory Technology 3.5 years (including six months internship) INR 10,000- 2,00,000 B.Sc. in Biomedical Science 3 years INR 30,000- 90,000 B.Sc. in Medical Laboratory Sciences (MLS) 3 years INR 40,000- 4,00,000 B.Sc. in Radiology and Imaging Technology 3 years INR 20,000- 2,00,000 B.Sc. in Radiology and Imaging Technology 3 years INR 30,000 - 2,00,000 B.Sc. in Clinical Research 3 years INR 50,000 - 2,50,000 Source: Collegedunia, Collegedekho Eligibility for Undergraduate Courses: Students are required to obtain at least 50% marks in 10+2 or any equivalent examination in the science stream (with Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and English as main subjects) from a recognized board. Students have to clear NEET UG or equivalent entrance exams conducted by the respective universities (wherever applicable). UG Diploma Course Course Name Duration Eligibility Average Fees Diploma in Medical Lab Technology 2 years 10+2 in PCM/PCMB with minimum 45% marks from recognized Board / University INR 21,000- 3,00,000 Diploma in clinical diagnostics technique 5 months- 1 year 10+2 in PCB/PCMB with minimum 50% marks from recognized Board / University INR 15,000 - 25,000 Source: Skishaglobe, Collegedunia PG Diploma Course Course Name Duration Average fees PG Diploma in Cellular & Molecular Diagnostics 1 year INR 50,000- 2,80,000 PG Diploma in Molecular Diagnostics 1 year INR 50,000- 1,00,000 PG Diploma in Medical Radio Diagnosis 2 years INR 2,00,000 – 6,00,000 Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) in Clinical Pathology and Diagnostic Technology 1 year INR 1,00,000 - 3,00,000 Advanced Diploma In Medical Lab Technology (ADMLT) 1 year INR 12,000 Diploma in Medical Radio Diagnosis 2 years INR 20,000- 8,00,000 Source: Collegedunia, Universitydunia Eligibility for Postgraduate Diploma Course: While some PG diploma courses require the basic eligibility as having completed an undergraduate course from a recognized university, others compulsorily require completing an MBBS degree or an equivalent qualification recognized by the MCI (Medical Council of India) or any of the State Medical Council. Further, some institutes may also conduct an entrance examination for admission to the PG Diploma course or mention any other criteria(s), making it subject to final admission. Certificate Courses Certificate name Provider Duration Fees Requirements Certificate course in Retina Diagnostics The Sankara Nethralaya Academy 2 weeks INR 10,000 Optometrists/ Ophthalmologists/ Refractionists Certificate Course in Medical Laboratory Technology All India Institute of Public and Physical Health Sciences, Bidar Institute of Medical Science, GMR Varalakshmi Community College, Jaya College of Art and Science 6 months INR 5,000- 1,00,000 Either 10+2 from the reputed college or from the well- recognized board or 65% marks in the higher secondary board. Certificate In Medical Lab Technology National Council of Training Academy 1 year INR 8,000 All levels Source: Official website of respective providers Postgraduate Degree and Doctoral Courses Course Name Duration Average Fees Requirements Master of Surgery [MS] (Radio Diagnosis) 2 years INR 10,000- 15,00,000 MBBS with 50% marks MD Radiodiagnosis 3 years INR 27,000 - 60,00,000 MBBS with 50% marks and relevant PG Degree from MCI recognized Institute Masters in Optometry 2 years INR 1,00,000- 2,00,000 Bachelor's degree in Optometry or a related field from a recognized university or institution with a minimum of 50% marks or an equivalent grade Ph.D. Medical Laboratory Technology 3 years INR 2,00,000- 3,00,000 A Master's degree in Medical Laboratory Technology or a related field with a minimum of 55% marks or an equivalent grade from a recognized university or institution Source: Careers360, Official websites of certain universities offering the course(s) Note: In addition to the requirements mentioned above, the students may be required to clear NEET PG or equivalent examination and/or entrance exam conducted by the respective universities (wherever required). Top Colleges Offering Courses in Diagnostics In India All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER) Christian Medical College (CMC) King’s George Medical University Sri Ramchandra Institute of Higher Education and Research National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS) Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Scope of Career in Diagnostics The field of diagnostic management is essential in various areas of the healthcare industry. Not only is it required in hospitals and clinics, but also in healthcare NGOs, hospital consultancy companies, and the IT industry that develops software and imaging equipment. Pathology is one type of diagnosis wherein pathologists can work as consultant physicians, diagnosticians, teachers, or investigators. Another area of diagnosis is radiology wherein radiology technicians can work as ultrasound technicians, X-ray technicians, MRI technicians, CT technicians, or medical professionals. Therefore, ??A career in diagnostics involves the use of medical technologies to identify and treat diseases, offering diverse opportunities and growth prospects in the healthcare industry. Job Profiles In Diagnostics Job Profiles Job Description Medical data manager The work of a medical data manager is to collect and analyze vast amounts of information quickly. Genetic consultant A genetic consultant conducts primary and scheduled genetic analysis in a diagnostic centre, processes data from diagnostic devices, and provides an opinion along with further treatment recommendations. Bioinformatician A bioinformatician builds a computer simulation of the biochemical processes of the disease to understand its root cause in cases of unusual development of a disease. Medical Marketing Expert The work of a medical marketing expert is to research markets in pharmacology, medical services, and medical equipment and develop marketing policies for companies and research centres. R&D Manager in Healthcare A specialist providing communication between research, diagnostic, treatment, and prevention institutions and managing cooperation programs and joint projects. Molecular nutrition expert A specialist developing tailored diets based on molecular food analysis, taking into account the results of the genetic analysis of the patient and the specifics of their physiological processes. Gene therapy expert Gene therapy means the alteration of the human genetic apparatus to fight diseases. A gene therapy expert is a specialist in genome programming to predetermined parameters. Phlebotomist Phlebotomists are people trained to draw blood from a patient (mostly from veins) for clinical or medical testing, transfusions, donations, or research. Skills Required Technical knowledge Communication Analytical skills Patience Attention to detail Problem-solving skills Teamwork Research skills Expected Salary And Remuneration Job Profiles Average Salary Medical data manager INR 3,00,000- 9,00,000 Genetic consultant INR 5,50,000 Bioinformatician INR 4,00,000- 10,00,000 Medical marketing expert: INR 6, 50,000 R&D Manager in Healthcare INR 11,50,000 Phlebotomist INR 2,20,000 Source: Payscale, Ambitionbox Top Entities Hiring For This Job SRL Diagnostics Metropolis Healthcare Limited Quest Diagnostics Apollo Diagnostics Lucid Medical Diagnostics Omega Diagnostics Piramal Diagnostics Vijaya Diagnostic Center Conclusion Behind every accurate diagnosis and successful treatment lies the expertise of a skilled diagnostician. As the healthcare industry continues to expand in India, the demand for skilled diagnosticians is only set to rise. For those having the passion, dedication, and expertise, a career in diagnostics can be a highly fulfilling and rewarding one enabling them to make a meaningful contribution to the health and well-being of the community. Medbots.in wishes you all the best!

Sumasri

Mar 24, 2023

How to Land Your Dream Job by Sending Cold Emails

Are you a recent graduate or someone looking to change jobs? Have you decided to pursue your dream job, but don't know how to get started? With the changing job market, the ways of applying for jobs and making connections are also evolving. Nowadays, it's possible to land your dream job by sending cold emails. What is a Cold Email? Cold emails are unsolicited messages sent to people with whom you have no prior relationship or communication. The goal of a cold email is to initiate a conversation for collaboration, build professional relationships, or pursue business opportunities such as acquiring new customers or clients. Cold emails are commonly used for networking or job searching, but they are also frequently employed in sales and marketing to promote goods or services. For a cold email to be effective, it should be personalised, relevant, and well-targeted. However, if not done properly, it may be perceived as spam or unwanted communication. Whom to cold mail or massage? Before diving into the steps and examples of cold emails, it's important to know to whom you should be sending them. If you're reaching out to a small business with 40 or fewer employees, try to target the CEO, CTO, or founding members. For mid-sized and larger companies, look to see if they have a designated HR department. LinkedIn can be a useful tool for identifying specific decision-makers or hiring managers within a company. You can often find their email address on their profile or on similar websites. Alternatively, you can connect with them and send a direct message by following the steps outlined for cold emailing. Or in the worst-case scenario for small businesses, it's typically just the founder's first name@firm domain. Together with first initial and last name, [email protected] also works effectively for mid-sized businesses. Give a small introduction and the reason for contacting It's important to introduce yourself in a cold email and provide information about who you are, where you work, how you obtained their information, and why you're interested in their company. Clearly state your purpose early on in the email to capture their interest and give them a reason to continue reading. With the average attention span now at around 8 seconds, it's crucial to make a strong impression and grab their attention in the first few lines. Mention a few accomplishments of yours (if any) Think of your cold email as a sales pitch and use it to showcase your skills and qualities. Don't hesitate to mention your achievements and highlight your past experiences. Explain how you plan to use these experiences in the future and why you believe you would be a valuable asset to their company. By promoting your strengths and abilities, you can demonstrate why you're a good fit for the position and why they should consider you. Have a specific and reasonable request It's important to avoid coming across as too demanding when sending a cold email. Instead, focus on building a relationship with the recipient. Asking for the job directly can be too upfront and may turn off the reader, potentially damaging your chances of making a connection. Instead, try to set up a time for a chat or call to discuss potential opportunities. Ask about the interview process or inquire if there are any recent job openings that might be a good fit for your skills and experience. By taking a more indirect approach, you can establish a connection with the recipient and build a relationship that may lead to future job opportunities. Follow up (3 times) If you don't receive a response to your cold email within a week, it's acceptable to send a brief follow-up email. Keep in mind that the person you're reaching out to may be busy and may have a backlog of emails to respond to. It's often necessary to follow up at least three times before giving up. Sending a great email only once may not be enough to be effective. In fact, several successful cold emails that resulted in interviews were only answered after several follow-ups. Tips for do’s and don’t- DO’s Use a professional id Email addresses that begin with fancy, unusual names, or numerals may not be taken seriously by potential employers. To make a good impression, it's best to use a professional-looking email address that includes your first and last name. This can help convey a sense of professionalism and seriousness to your potential employer. Write a strong subject line and keep it short When crafting a subject line for your cold email, it's important to keep it short, creative, and practical enough to entice the reader to open and read your message. You may want to consider using a common contact name or position within the company you're targeting to create a subject line that is both relevant and attention-grabbing. By doing so, you can increase the chances of your email being noticed and read by the recipient. Leave room for conversation (build relationships) When closing your cold email, it's important to avoid using a closed-ended statement and instead, leave room for the next person to reply. If you have a connection with the recruiter or company, it's a good idea to mention it in your email. You may also want to try finding any alumni from your university who have worked with the company and mention that in your email as well. By doing so, you can demonstrate that you have a genuine interest in the company and increase your chances of getting a response. DONTs Don’t follow up obsessively Following up on a cold email is essential, but it's important to avoid spamming the recipient with too many emails or messages. Instead, aim to follow up in a professional and courteous manner, and be patient in waiting for a response. Try not to look for HR always If possible, try to get in touch with the founding members or someone in charge of the recruiting process instead of relying solely on the HR department. While HR may receive a lot of these emails, there is a chance that yours could be overlooked. By targeting specific decision-makers within the company, you can increase the likelihood of your email being read and considered. Don’t send the same mail to everyone Personalization is the key to crafting a successful cold email or message. Before you begin writing, do your homework on the person and company you are contacting. Avoid sending the same generic email to everyone with only minor changes to the name and address. This approach suggests a lack of effort and interest in the recipient and is unlikely to result in a positive response. "Before sending cold emails, ensure that your resume is up-to-date. Keep in mind that cold emails typically have a low response rate and an even lower conversion rate. To improve your chances, consider sending 3 to 4 emails per day. With consistent effort and a well-crafted message, cold emailing can open the door to your dream job." Samples-1 Dear/Hello/Greetings (First Name or Mr./Ms. Last Name) Hope you are doing well. My name is (your name) and I’m 21 years old. I am a (your profession). Have worked/done an internship with (provide company name) before. Currently looking for opportunities. I have experience in (name the fields). Your assistant provided me with this email so I could get in touch with you [or state the specific way you located the person's name and email]. The purpose of the mail is whether we can get into a call/meeting to discuss your career and whether there may be any upcoming opportunities with your company. I have a flexible schedule so I can schedule a meeting or call at a time convenient for you. I look forward to your response. Sincerely, (Your Name) Sample-2 Dear/Hello/Greetings (First Name or Mr./Ms. Last Name) Hope you are having a great day. I applied for an open position at (Company name)/ for the position of (the position you applied for) on your online career site. I believe the position fits incredibly well with my 15 years of experience in (your field). Attaching my profile for you to have a look at my work and experiences. (profile link). I recently followed you on the same business social media page and I appreciate the interesting articles you provide for job seekers and how you interact with candidates. We also have a common interest in AI. I'd love to schedule a call and talk with you further about the position and my experience. I can be available for next week's working hours. I look forward to speaking with you. Sincerely, (Your Name) MedBots.in wishes you all the best!

Sumasri

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